Anastasiadis I, Karanastasi E
Laboratory of Nematology, Department of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Benaki Phytopathological Insitute, 8, St. Delta str., GR-14561 Kifissia, Greece.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2011;76(3):333-40.
The effects of soil incorporation of metham-sodium and finely chopped plant residues of broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and grass against Meloidogyne incognito and M. javanica over increasing periods of time and a range of dose rates, with or without plastic covering were studied in growth chamber experiments. The scope of this study was to determine the direct effects of fresh organic amendments and the indirect effects of their volatiles on Meloidogyne spp. and tomato plant growth. Amendments were applied at the rate of 5 or 10 kg/m2. The most effective treatment in maintaining low numbers of nematodes was pre-treatment with volatiles of metham-sodium, which resulted in zero invasion of tomato roots. Application of fresh-chopped broccoli, grass and, in some instances, cauliflower also caused a significant reduction in the population of root-knot nematodes. Nematode reduction caused by broccoli was slightly better than by grass. On the other hand, cabbage incorporation did not suppress Meloidogyne spp. to the same extent, though a 19% reduction was observed, even at the lowest dose rate. Suppression of root-knot nematodes was greater in pots amended and covered with plastic tarp as compared to amended non-covered pots. Increased doses for all treatments were further effective in reducing the populations of root-knot nematodes. The direct effect of soil amendments was greater after 2 weeks, while the indirect effects of volatiles were lessened after 2 and 3 weeks.
在生长室实验中，研究了将威百亩与切碎的西兰花、卷心菜、花椰菜和草的植物残体混入土壤，在不同时间段和一系列剂量率下，有无塑料覆盖时，对南方根结线虫和爪哇根结线虫的影响。本研究的范围是确定新鲜有机改良剂的直接作用及其挥发物对根结线虫属和番茄植株生长的间接作用。改良剂的施用量为5或10千克/平方米。在保持线虫数量较低方面最有效的处理方法是用威百亩的挥发物进行预处理，这使得番茄根没有受到线虫侵染。施用切碎的西兰花、草以及在某些情况下施用花椰菜，也能显著减少根结线虫的数量。西兰花对线虫数量的减少作用略优于草。另一方面，混入卷心菜对线虫的抑制程度没有那么高，不过即使在最低剂量率下，也观察到线虫数量减少了19%。与未覆盖塑料薄膜的改良盆栽相比，覆盖塑料薄膜的改良盆栽对根结线虫的抑制作用更强。所有处理增加剂量后，在减少根结线虫数量方面更有效。土壤改良剂的直接作用在2周后更大，而挥发物的间接作用在2周和3周后减弱。
