绿色氧化铁纳米颗粒和磁性纳米生物炭：提高番茄的性能、植物化学物质和根结线虫抗性。

BACKGROUND: Green nanoparticles are considered to be an effective strategy for improving phytochemicals and raising productivity in soil infected by root-knot nematodes. This work aims to understand the characteristics of certain nanomaterials, including non-iron (nFe), green non-iron (GnFe), and green magnetic nanobiochar (GMnB), and the effect of adding them at 3 and 6 mg kg on phytochemicals and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant growth in soils infected by root-knot nematodes. RESULTS: Spectroscopic characterization of nanomaterials showed that nFe, GnFe, and GMnB contained functional groups (e.g., Fe-O, S-H, C-H, OH, and C = C) and possessed a large surface area. Application of GMB at 6 mg kg was the most efficient treatment for increasing the phytochemicals of the tomato plant, with a rise of 123.2% in total phenolic, 194.7% in total flavonoids, 89.7% in total carbohydrate, 185.2% in total free amino acids, and 165.1% in total tannin compared to the untreated soil. Tomato plant growth and attributes increased with increasing levels of soil nano-amendment in this investigation. The addition of GnFe and GnFe increased the reduction of root galls of root-knot nematodes by 22.44% and 17.76% compared with nFe and nFe, respectively. The inclusion of the examined soil nano-amendments increased phytochemicals and reduced the total number of root-knot nematodes on tomato plants at varying rates, which played a significant role in enhancing tomato growth. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, treating tomato plants with GnFe or GMnB can be used as a promising green nanomaterial to eliminate root-knot nematodes and increase tomato yield in sandy clay loam soil.

背景：绿色纳米颗粒被认为是提高受根结线虫感染土壤中植物化学物质含量和生产力的有效策略。本研究旨在了解某些纳米材料的特性，包括非铁（nFe）、绿色非铁（GnFe）和绿色磁性纳米生物炭（GMnB），以及在 3 和 6mg/kg 下添加这些纳米材料对受根结线虫感染的土壤中植物化学物质和番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植物生长的影响。

结果：纳米材料的光谱特征表明，nFe、GnFe 和 GMnB 含有功能基团（如 Fe-O、S-H、C-H、OH 和 C=C），具有较大的表面积。在本研究中，GMB 以 6mg/kg 的用量处理对番茄植物的植物化学物质增加最为有效，总酚增加了 123.2%，总类黄酮增加了 194.7%，总碳水化合物增加了 89.7%，总游离氨基酸增加了 185.2%，总单宁增加了 165.1%，与未处理的土壤相比。在这项研究中，随着土壤纳米添加剂水平的增加，番茄植物的生长和特性也随之增加。与 nFe 和 nFe 相比，添加 GnFe 和 GnFe 分别使根结线虫根瘤的减少率提高了 22.44%和 17.76%。所研究的土壤纳米添加剂的添加以不同的速率增加了番茄植物上的植物化学物质含量并减少了根结线虫的总数，这对增强番茄生长起到了重要作用。

结论：总之，用 GnFe 或 GMnB 处理番茄植物可以作为一种有前途的绿色纳米材料，用于消除根结线虫并提高砂壤土中番茄的产量。