Tala E
Abo universitetscentralsjukhus, Preitilä.
Nord Med. 1990;105(12):320-2.
The incidence of tuberculosis in the Nordic countries is one of the lowest in the world: Denmark 5.1, Iceland 6.4, Norway 6.9 and Sweden 6.5; whereas in Finland it is around the mean for Europe, 28.9 per 100,000 (1988). The immigrants are the risk group because they usually come from countries with a high prevalence. The BCG-vaccination at birth is still used in Finland. Other Nordic countries vaccinate mainly the risk groups. Revaccination is no longer indicated. After the discontinuation of the BCG at birth in 1975 the sensitivity to environmental mycobacteria has increased in Sweden. The screening programmes have been phased out but there is reason to take tuberculosis into account at pre-employment examinations, and to perform meticulous contract tracing of the smear-positives. Effective short course chemotherapy is given in all the countries. The Nordic countries must continue to keep accurate tuberculosis registers, to maintain the high diagnostic level and successfully apply the latest high technology and know-how for the eradication of tuberculosis which, however, will persist into the next generation.
丹麦为5.1，冰岛为6.4，挪威为6.9，瑞典为6.5；而芬兰的发病率约为欧洲平均水平，每10万人中有28.9例（1988年）。移民是风险群体，因为他们通常来自结核病高发国家。芬兰仍在出生时接种卡介苗。其他北欧国家主要为风险群体接种疫苗。不再进行复种。1975年瑞典停止在出生时接种卡介苗后，对环境分枝杆菌的敏感性有所增加。筛查项目已逐步取消，但在就业前检查时仍有理由考虑结核病问题，并对涂片阳性者进行细致的接触者追踪。所有国家都采用有效的短程化疗。北欧国家必须继续保持准确的结核病登记，维持较高的诊断水平，并成功应用最新的高科技和专门知识来根除结核病，不过结核病仍将延续到下一代。
