Moore Amanda P, Milligan Peter, Goff Louise M
Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Matern Child Nutr. 2014 Jul;10(3):410-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2012.00424.x. Epub 2012 Jun 19.
The UK weaning guidelines recommend the introduction of solid food at or around 6 months. The evidence suggests that knowledge of the guidelines is high, although only a small minority of parents wait until 6 months to wean. The aim of this study was to assess understanding of the UK weaning guidelines in a sample of UK parents and investigate the associations of this understanding with weaning timing, and in comparison to other influencing factors. This study conducted an online survey of UK parents. Eligible participants had weaned a child since the introduction of the current guidelines. Of 3607 participants, 86% accurately understood the guidelines. Eighty-seven per cent of health visitors were reported to have advised weaning at or around 6 months. Knowledge of the guidelines was associated with later weaning (independently of demographic factors) (P < 0.001) but did not ensure compliance: 80% of mothers who weaned before 24 weeks and 65% who weaned before 17 weeks were aware of the guidelines. Younger mothers (P < 0.001), those receiving benefits (P < 0.001), those educated only to 16 (P < 0.001) and minority ethnic groups (P < 0.001) had lower levels of awareness. Poor understanding of the guidelines was the most reliable predictor of early weaning (P = 0.021) together with young maternal age (P = 0.014). Following the baby-led weaning approach was the most reliable predictor of those weaning at 26 weeks, together with the Internet being the most influential source of advice. Understanding of the current weaning guidelines is high and is a key independent predictor of weaning age in this population.
英国断奶指南建议在6个月左右开始添加固体食物。有证据表明，尽管只有一小部分家长等到6个月才开始断奶，但对这些指南的知晓率很高。本研究的目的是评估英国部分家长对英国断奶指南的理解，并调查这种理解与断奶时间的关联，同时与其他影响因素进行比较。本研究对英国家长进行了一项在线调查。符合条件的参与者自现行指南发布以来已为孩子断奶。在3607名参与者中，86%准确理解了这些指南。据报告，87%的健康访视员建议在6个月左右断奶。对指南的了解与较晚断奶相关（独立于人口统计学因素）（P<0.001），但并不能确保家长遵守：在24周前断奶的母亲中有80%、在17周前断奶的母亲中有65%知晓这些指南。年轻母亲（P<0.001）、领取福利的母亲（P<0.001）、仅接受过16年教育的母亲（P<0.001）以及少数族裔群体（P<0.001）的知晓水平较低。对指南理解不足是过早断奶最可靠的预测因素（P = 0.021），同时母亲年龄较小也是一个因素（P = 0.014）。采用婴儿主导的断奶方法是在26周断奶的最可靠预测因素，同时互联网是最具影响力的建议来源。对现行断奶指南的理解程度较高，并且是该人群断奶年龄的关键独立预测因素。
