Yale University, Department of Psychology, PO Box 208205, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2012 Aug;32(6):467-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2012.05.005. Epub 2012 May 29.
Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by elevated stress, heightened risky behaviors, and increases in psychopathology. Emotion dysregulation is a hypothesized contributor to negative outcomes and to the onset of psychopathology during adolescence. However, the dysregulation of negative emotion has been the focus of research while the literature on positive emotion in adolescent psychopathology is limited. This review highlights both the development of normative and dysregulated positive emotion during adolescence. First, the literature on normative adolescent emotional development and on negative emotional regulation is briefly reviewed, followed by a discussion of current theories of positive emotion, which are grounded in the adult literature. From a developmental perspective, the dimension of approach motivation within positive emotion is emphasized throughout and frames the review. This conceptualization guides organization of literatures on normative experiences of positive emotion in adolescence and the role of dysregulated positive emotion in adolescent psychopathology, specifically adolescent depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, externalizing disorders and eating disorders. Last, future directions in the study of adolescent positive emotion and its regulation and the implications of highlighting approach motivation in normative and dysregulated positive emotion in adolescence are detailed.
青春期是一个发展时期，其特点是压力增加、冒险行为增加和精神病理学增加。情绪调节障碍被认为是导致负面结果和青春期精神病理学发病的一个因素。然而，负面情绪的失调一直是研究的焦点，而关于青少年精神病理学中的积极情绪的文献有限。本综述强调了青春期正常和失调的积极情绪的发展。首先，简要回顾了正常青少年情绪发展和负性情绪调节的文献，然后讨论了目前基于成人文献的积极情绪理论。从发展的角度来看，积极情绪中的趋近动机维度在整个综述中得到了强调，并为综述提供了框架。这种概念化指导了正常青少年积极情绪体验的文献组织，以及失调的积极情绪在青少年精神病理学中的作用，特别是青少年抑郁症、焦虑症、双相情感障碍、外化障碍和饮食障碍。最后，详细说明了青少年积极情绪及其调节的研究方向，以及在正常和失调的积极情绪中强调趋近动机的意义。
