Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Lipids Health Dis. 2012 Jun 19;11:77. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-77.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of mortality worldwide and a low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is an important marker of CVD risk. Garlic (Allium sativum) has been widely used in the clinic for treatment of CVD and regulation of lipid metabolism. This study investigated the effects of a high hydrostatic pressure extract of garlic (HEG) on HDL-C level and regulation of hepatic apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) gene expression.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and maintained on a high-fat control diet (CON) or high-fat control diet supplemented with high hydrostatic pressure extract of garlic (HEG) for 5 weeks. Changes in the expression of genes related to HDL-C metabolism were analyzed in liver, together with biometric and blood parameters.
In the HEG group, the plasma triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly decreased in comparison with the CON group (P < 0.05). Dietary HEG also lowered the hepatic TG and total cholesterol (TC) levels compared to the CON group. While the plasma HDL-C level and mRNA level of hepatic apoA-I, which is one of primarily proteins of HDL-C particle, were significantly increased in the HEG group compared to the CON group (P < 0.05). The gene expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), importantly involved in the biogenesis in HDL, were also up-regulated by dietary HEG.
These results suggest that HEG ameliorates plasma lipid profiles and attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation in the high-fat fed rats. Our findings provides that the effects of HEG on the increase of the plasma HDL-C level was at least partially mediated by up-regulation of hepatic genes expression such as apoA-I, ABCA1, and LCAT in rats fed a high-fat diet.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球范围内导致死亡的首要原因，而低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平是 CVD 风险的重要标志物。大蒜（Allium sativum）已广泛应用于临床治疗 CVD 和调节脂质代谢。本研究探讨了高压大蒜提取物（HEG）对 HDL-C 水平和肝载脂蛋白 A-I（apoA-I）基因表达调节的影响。
雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠分为两组，分别给予高脂肪对照饮食（CON）或高脂肪对照饮食加高压大蒜提取物（HEG），持续 5 周。分析肝脏中与 HDL-C 代谢相关基因的表达变化，同时检测生物计量和血液参数。
与 CON 组相比，HEG 组大鼠血浆甘油三酯（TG）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平显著降低（P<0.05）。与 CON 组相比，HEG 组大鼠肝脏 TG 和总胆固醇（TC）水平也降低。而 HEG 组大鼠血浆 HDL-C 水平和肝脏 apoA-I 的 mRNA 水平（HDL-C 颗粒的主要蛋白之一）均显著高于 CON 组（P<0.05）。ABCA1 和 LCAT 是参与 HDL 生成的重要基因，它们的基因表达也被 HEG 饮食上调。
这些结果表明，HEG 可改善高脂喂养大鼠的血浆脂质谱并减轻肝脏脂质堆积。我们的研究结果表明，HEG 对增加血浆 HDL-C 水平的作用至少部分是通过上调高脂饮食喂养大鼠肝脏 apoA-I、ABCA1 和 LCAT 等基因的表达来介导的。
