Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts, USA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Jul;26 Suppl 2:S101-6. doi: 10.1097/JSC.0b013e31825cf03b.
Injuries are a major impacting factor for a military organization. Injuries may be the result of direct combat, or noncombat, and may be incurred during deployment, other military operations and training. The impact of injuries is the loss of manpower (e.g., lost duty days), medical costs for treatment, and the influence that an injury may have on an individual's quality of life. To address this issue, it is essential to understand the types of injuries that are occurring, and the mechanisms responsible for those injuries, to develop strategies to reduce injury incidence and to allocate the resources required for rehabilitation to return the individual to duty. This article will review the most common medical injury being incurred by our present warfighter; namely, musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs). The number, types, and causal mechanisms of MSIs will be reviewed. Risk factors for MSIs will be identified and the various interventions being used to prevent or mitigate the severity of MSIs will be discussed. Lastly, the programs that have been developed within the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S. Army for the assessment, care, and rehabilitation of the most severe MSIs incurred while deployed will be described.
伤害是军事组织的一个主要影响因素。伤害可能是直接战斗或非战斗的结果，可能发生在部署、其他军事行动和训练期间。伤害的影响是人力的损失（例如，失去工作日）、治疗的医疗费用，以及伤害可能对个人生活质量的影响。为了解决这个问题，了解正在发生的伤害类型以及导致这些伤害的机制至关重要，以便制定减少伤害发生率的策略，并分配康复所需的资源，使个人恢复工作。本文将回顾我们目前的作战人员所遭受的最常见的医疗伤害，即肌肉骨骼损伤（MSI）。将回顾 MSI 的数量、类型和因果机制。确定 MSI 的危险因素，并讨论用于预防或减轻 MSI 严重程度的各种干预措施。最后，将描述美国国防部和美国陆军为评估、护理和康复在部署期间发生的最严重 MSI 而制定的计划。
