Division of Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Lions Eye Institute, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York 12159, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2012 Sep;23(5):420-6. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e328355715e.
To review the diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI), with an emphasis on the development and use of inflammatory mediators and biologic agents.
Use of targeted biologic immunomodulatory therapy is becoming widespread and proving effective against many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Although corticosteroids remain the mainstay of care for IOI, their use is fraught with complications and side-effects, suggesting the need for novel therapies. Evidence for the successful implementation of nonsteroidal inflammatory mediators in IOI is accumulating.
The treatment of IOI with traditional methods, particularly corticosteroids, is often inadequate and accompanied by recurrences, medication dependence, and intolerability. Many of these issues may be avoided with the use of existing and novel pharmaceutical agents targeting specific inflammatory mediators. The literature on these agents and their use in IOI is in its infancy but shows tremendous promise in the treatment of this often-recalcitrant illness.
回顾特发性眼眶炎症（IOI）的诊断和治疗，重点关注炎症介质和生物制剂的发展和应用。
靶向生物免疫调节疗法的应用越来越广泛，并且对许多炎症和自身免疫性疾病都有效。尽管皮质类固醇仍然是 IOI 的主要治疗方法，但它们的使用存在并发症和副作用，这表明需要新的治疗方法。非甾体类炎症介质在 IOI 中成功应用的证据正在不断积累。
传统方法治疗 IOI，特别是皮质类固醇，往往效果不佳，并伴有复发、药物依赖和不耐受。使用针对特定炎症介质的现有和新型药物制剂可能会避免许多这些问题。关于这些药物及其在 IOI 中的应用的文献还处于起步阶段，但在治疗这种常见的难治性疾病方面显示出巨大的潜力。
