University of Texas Medical Branch, Division of Rehabilitation Sciences, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Yale J Biol Med. 2012 Jun;85(2):201-15. Epub 2012 Jun 25.
Lack of neural innervation due to neurological damage renders muscle unable to produce force. Use of electrical stimulation is a medium in which investigators have tried to find a way to restore movement and the ability to perform activities of daily living. Different methods of applying electrical current to modify neuromuscular activity are electrical stimulation (ES), neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), and functional electrical stimulation (FES). This review covers the aspects of electrical stimulation used for rehabilitation and functional purposes. Discussed are the various parameters of electrical stimulation, including frequency, pulse width/duration, duty cycle, intensity/amplitude, ramp time, pulse pattern, program duration, program frequency, and muscle group activated, and how they affect fatigue in the stimulated muscle.
由于神经损伤导致的神经支配缺失，使肌肉无法产生力量。因此，研究人员尝试使用电刺激作为一种手段来恢复运动能力和日常生活活动能力。应用电流来改变神经肌肉活动的不同方法包括电刺激（ES）、神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）、经皮神经电刺激（TENS）和功能性电刺激（FES）。本篇综述涵盖了用于康复和功能目的的电刺激的各个方面。讨论了电刺激的各种参数，包括频率、脉冲宽度/持续时间、占空比、强度/幅度、斜坡时间、脉冲模式、程序持续时间、程序频率和激活的肌肉群，以及它们如何影响刺激肌肉的疲劳。
