Berteloot L, Bobbio A, Millischer-Bellaïche A-E, Lambot K, Breton S, Brunelle F
Service de radiologie pédiatrique, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
Rev Mal Respir. 2012 Jun;29(6):820-35. doi: 10.1016/j.rmr.2011.10.976. Epub 2012 Jun 2.
Congenital lung malformations include a complex range of developmental abnormalities. Currently, most are diagnosed prenatally or during early childhood. They may, however, be discovered later, incidentally or in connection with non-specific symptoms, sometimes severe. Knowledge of their radiological appearances is necessary for their detection. Proper technique and analysis of cross-sectional imaging, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, allow a definitive diagnosis in most patients and pre-treatment evaluation of surgical cases. This review will describe the radiological aspects of congenital pulmonary malformations, especially those which may occur in late childhood or adult life. When present, alternative diagnoses will be discussed. A distinction will be made between anomalies originating from bronchopulmonary structures, such as bronchial atresia, bronchogenic cyst, congenital lobar overinflation, cystic adenomatoid malformation, and forms related to vascular anomalies (vascular rings, anomalous left pulmonary artery, pulmonary underdevelopment, proximal interruption of the pulmonary artery, pulmonary sequestration, scimitar syndrome).
先天性肺畸形包括一系列复杂的发育异常。目前,大多数在产前或幼儿期被诊断出来。然而,它们也可能在以后偶然被发现,或与非特异性症状相关,有时症状严重。了解其影像学表现对于发现它们很有必要。正确的技术以及对横断面成像、计算机断层扫描和磁共振成像的分析,能在大多数患者中做出明确诊断,并对手术病例进行术前评估。本综述将描述先天性肺畸形的影像学特征,尤其是那些可能发生在儿童晚期或成人期的畸形。如有其他诊断,也将进行讨论。将区分源自支气管肺结构的异常,如支气管闭锁、支气管源性囊肿、先天性肺叶气肿、囊性腺瘤样畸形,以及与血管异常相关的类型(血管环、左肺动脉异常、肺发育不全、肺动脉近端中断、肺隔离症、弯刀综合征)。