Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), UMR CNRS-6236, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e39495. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039495. Epub 2012 Jun 20.
Incidence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is rising in several parts of the world. In Africa, data concerning this species and its resistance to carbapenems are limited. The objective of the present study was to identify the presence of A. baumannii carbapenem-resistant encoding genes in natural reservoirs in Senegal, where antibiotic pressure is believed to be low. From October 2010 to January 2011, 354 human head lice, 717 human fecal samples and 118 animal fecal samples were screened for the presence of A. baumannii by real time PCR targeting bla(OXA51-like) gene. For all samples positive for A. baumannii, the carbapenemase-hydrolysing oxacillinases bla(OXA23-like) and bla(OXA24-like) were searched for and sequenced, and the isolates harbouring an oxacillinase were genotyped using PCR amplification and sequencing of recA gene. The presence of A. baumannii was detected in 4.0% of the head lice, in 5.4% of the human stool samples and in 5.1% of the animal stool samples tested. No bla(OXA24) gene was detected but six fecal samples and three lice were positive for bla(OXA23-like) gene. The bla(OXA23-like) gene isolated in lice was likely a new oxacillinase sequence. Finally, the A. baumannii detected in stools were all of recA genotype 3 and those detected in lice, of recA genotype 4. This study shows for the first time a reservoir of bla(OXA23-like)-positive gene in human head lice and stool samples in Senegal.
碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌在世界上的几个地区的发病率正在上升。在非洲，关于该物种及其对碳青霉烯类药物的耐药性的数据有限。本研究的目的是在抗生素压力被认为较低的塞内加尔自然环境中确定碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌编码基因的存在。从 2010 年 10 月至 2011 年 1 月，通过实时 PCR 靶向 bla(OXA51-样)基因，对 354 个人体头虱、717 个人类粪便样本和 118 个动物粪便样本进行了耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的检测。对所有检测出耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的样本，检测 bla(OXA23-样)和 bla(OXA24-样)碳青霉烯酶水解的 oxacillinases，并对携带 oxacillinase 的分离株进行 recA 基因的 PCR 扩增和测序。在 4.0%的头虱、5.4%的人类粪便样本和 5.1%的动物粪便样本中检测到鲍曼不动杆菌。未检测到 bla(OXA24)基因，但 6 个人类粪便样本和 3 个头虱样本 bla(OXA23-样)基因阳性。在头虱中分离出的 bla(OXA23-样)基因可能是一种新的 oxacillinase 序列。最后，在粪便中检测到的鲍曼不动杆菌均为 recA 基因型 3，在头虱中检测到的鲍曼不动杆菌均为 recA 基因型 4。本研究首次在塞内加尔的人类头虱和粪便样本中发现了 bla(OXA23-样)阳性基因的储库。
