Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemical Technology, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BY, UK.
Bioresour Technol. 2012 Oct;122:137-48. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.138. Epub 2012 Jun 6.
Anaerobic membrane reactors (AnMBRs) have recently evolved from aerobic MBRs, with the membrane either external or submerged within the reactor, and can achieve high COD removals (~98%) at hydraulic retention times (HRTs) as low as 3 h. Since membranes stop biomass being washed out, they can enhance performance with inhibitory substrates, at psychrophilic/thermophilic temperatures, and enable nitrogen removal via Anammox. Fouling is important, but addition of activated carbon or resins/precipitants can remove soluble microbial products (SMPs)/colloids and enhance flux. Due to their low energy use and solids production, and solids free effluent, they can enhance nutrient and water recycling. Nevertheless, more work is needed to: compare fouling between aerobic and anaerobic systems; determine how reactor operation influences fouling; evaluate the effect of different additives on membrane fouling; determine whether nitrogen removal can be incorporated into AnMBRs; recover methane solubility from low temperatures effluents; and, establish sound mass and energy balances.
厌氧膜生物反应器（AnMBRs）最近从好氧 MBR 发展而来，膜可以在反应器外部或浸没在反应器内，在水力停留时间（HRT）低至 3 小时的情况下可实现高 COD 去除率（约 98%）。由于膜阻止生物量被冲洗掉，它们可以在低温/高温下用抑制性底物增强性能，并通过厌氧氨氧化进行氮去除。膜污染很重要，但添加活性炭或树脂/沉淀剂可以去除可溶性微生物产物（SMP）/胶体并提高通量。由于其能耗低、固体产量低且出水无固体，因此可以增强营养物质和水的回收利用。然而，还需要做更多的工作来：比较好氧和厌氧系统之间的膜污染；确定反应器操作如何影响膜污染；评估不同添加剂对膜污染的影响；确定是否可以将氮去除纳入 AnMBRs；从低温废水中回收甲烷溶解度；并建立良好的质量和能量平衡。
