Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
Inj Prev. 2013 Jun;19(3):177-83. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040389. Epub 2012 Jun 30.
The city of Winnipeg was the first among several jurisdictions in Manitoba, Canada, to introduce breed specific legislation (BSL) by banning pit-bull type dogs in 1990. The objective of the present work was to study the effectiveness of BSL in Manitoba.
Temporal differences in incidence of dog-bite injury hospitalisations (DBIH) within and across Manitoba jurisdictions with and without BSL were compared. Incidence was calculated as the number of unique cases of DBIH divided by the total person-years at risk and expressed as the number per 100000 person-years. Year of implementation determined the pre-BSL and post-BSL period for jurisdictions with BSL; for jurisdictions without BSL to date, the entire study period (1984-2006) was considered as the preimplementation period. The annual number of DBIH, adjusted for total population at risk, was modelled in a negative binomial regression analysis with repeated measures. Year, jurisdiction and BSL implementation were independent variables. An interaction term between jurisdiction and BSL was introduced.
A total of 16 urban and rural jurisdictions with pit-bull bans were identified. At the provincial level, there was a significant reduction in DBIH rates from the pre-BSL to post-BSL period (3.47 (95% CI 3.17 to 3.77) per 100000 person-years to 2.84 (95% CI 2.53 to 3.15); p=0.005). In regression restricted to two urban jurisdictions, DBIH rate in Winnipeg relative to Brandon (a city without BSL) was significantly (p<0.001) lower after BSL (rate ratio (RR)=1.10 in people of all ages and 0.92 in those aged <20 years) than before (RR=1.29 and 1.28, respectively).
BSL may have resulted in a reduction of DBIH in Winnipeg, and appeared more effective in protecting those aged <20 years.
温尼伯市是加拿大马尼托巴省几个辖区中第一个通过 1990 年颁布的品种特定立法（BSL）来禁止斗牛梗犬的城市。本研究的目的是研究 BSL 在马尼托巴省的有效性。
比较有无 BSL 的马尼托巴省各辖区内和跨辖区的犬咬伤住院（DBIH）发生率的时间差异。发生率计算为 DBIH 的独特病例数除以总风险人群年数，并表示为每 100000 人年的病例数。有 BSL 的辖区的实施年份决定了 BSL 之前和之后的时期；对于到目前为止没有 BSL 的辖区，整个研究期间（1984-2006 年）被视为实施前时期。采用重复测量的负二项回归分析对调整了总风险人群的每年 DBIH 数量进行建模。年份、辖区和 BSL 实施是独立变量。引入了辖区和 BSL 实施之间的交互项。
共确定了 16 个有斗牛梗犬禁令的城市和农村辖区。在省级层面，从 BSL 实施前到实施后，DBIH 发生率显著降低（3.47（95%CI 3.17 至 3.77）/100000 人年至 2.84（95%CI 2.53 至 3.15）；p=0.005）。在仅限于两个城市辖区的回归中，与布兰登（一个没有 BSL 的城市）相比，温尼伯的 DBIH 发生率在 BSL 实施后显著降低（p<0.001）（所有年龄段的人群的率比（RR）为 1.10，20 岁以下人群的 RR 为 0.92），而 BSL 实施前的 RR 分别为 1.29 和 1.28。
BSL 可能导致温尼伯的 DBIH 减少，并且在保护 20 岁以下人群方面似乎更有效。
