Division of Lifelong Health, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012 Jul;56(7):1097-105. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201100776.
Cardiovascular health is strongly influenced by diet. Zinc has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but its long-term influence on vascular health at dietary intake levels relevant to the human population in developed countries has not been studied. We investigated the influence of suboptimal zinc intake in a Western-type diet on the development of vascular inflammation and arterial plaque in apoE knock-out (AEKO) mice.
Weanling AEKO and wild-type (WT) controls were given high saturated fat (21% w/w) and high cholesterol (0.15%) semi-synthetic diets containing 3 or 35 mg Zn/kg (AEKO and WT) or 8 mg Zn/kg (AEKO only) for over 6 months. AEKO mice on zinc intakes of 3 and 8 mg Zn/kg (suboptimal zinc) developed significantly (p < 0.05) more aortic plaque than AEKO mice consuming 35 mg Zn/kg (adequate zinc). Circulating levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 were significantly (p < 0.05) raised at the lowest zinc intake in AEKO mice, as compared to zinc-adequate controls. Plasma total cholesterol and total protein were also significantly (p < 0.05) increased at the lowest zinc intake.
We propose that suboptimal dietary zinc intake raises circulating pro-atherogenic lipoprotein levels that promote vascular inflammation and enhance arterial plaque formation.
心血管健康受饮食影响很大。锌具有抗氧化和抗炎特性，但在摄入水平与发达国家人口相关的西方饮食中，其对血管健康的长期影响尚未得到研究。我们研究了在西方饮食中摄入不足的锌对载脂蛋白 E 敲除（AEKO）小鼠血管炎症和动脉斑块形成的影响。
我们给断奶的 AEKO 和野生型（WT）对照小鼠喂食高饱和脂肪（21% w/w）和高胆固醇（0.15%）半合成饮食，其中含有 3 或 35 mg Zn/kg（AEKO 和 WT）或 8 mg Zn/kg（仅 AEKO），超过 6 个月。摄入 3 和 8 mg Zn/kg（锌摄入不足）的 AEKO 小鼠比摄入 35 mg Zn/kg（锌摄入充足）的 AEKO 小鼠发展出明显（p < 0.05）更多的主动脉斑块。与锌充足的对照组相比，AEKO 小鼠在最低锌摄入量时，循环中的白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6 和可溶性血管细胞黏附分子-1 水平显著升高（p < 0.05）。血浆总胆固醇和总蛋白也在最低锌摄入量时显著升高（p < 0.05）。
我们提出，膳食锌摄入不足会升高循环中促动脉粥样硬化的脂蛋白水平，促进血管炎症并增强动脉斑块形成。
