Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2012 Sep;31(9):2130-7. doi: 10.1002/etc.1930. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial compound commonly found in biosolids. Thus, plants grown in biosolids-amended soil may be exposed to TCS. We evaluated the plant toxicity and accumulation potential of biosolids-borne TCS in two vegetables (lettuce and radish) and a pasture grass (bahia grass). Vegetables were grown in growth chambers and grass in a greenhouse. Biosolids-amended soil had TCS concentrations of 0.99, 5.9, and 11 mg/kg amended soil. These TCS concentrations represent typical biosolids containing concentrations of 16 mg TCS/kg applied at agronomic rates for 6 to 70 consecutive years, assuming no TCS loss. Plant yields (dry wt) were not reduced at any TCS concentration and the no observed effect concentration was 11 mg TCS/kg soil for all plants. Significantly greater TCS accumulated in the below-ground biomass than in the above-ground biomass. The average bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were 0.43 ± 0.38 in radish root, 0.04 ± 0.04 in lettuce leaves, 0.004 ± 0.002 in radish leaves, and <0.001 in bahia grass. Soybean (grain) and corn (leaves) grown in our previous field study where soil TCS concentrations were lower (0.04-0.1 mg/kg) had BAF values of 0.06 to 0.16. Based on the data, we suggest a conservative first approximate BAF value of 0.4 for risk assessment in plants.
三氯生（TCS）是一种常见的生物固体中存在的抗菌化合物。因此，生长在添加生物固体的土壤中的植物可能会接触到 TCS。我们评估了两种蔬菜（生菜和萝卜）和一种牧草（百喜草）中生物固体携带的 TCS 的植物毒性和积累潜力。蔬菜在生长室中种植，而草在温室中种植。添加生物固体的土壤中的 TCS 浓度分别为 0.99、5.9 和 11 毫克/千克添加的土壤。这些 TCS 浓度代表了典型的生物固体，其中含有 16 毫克 TCS/千克的浓度，以农业学的速率连续应用 6 到 70 年，假设没有 TCS 损失。在任何 TCS 浓度下，植物的产量（干重）都没有减少，对于所有植物，未观察到效应浓度为 11 毫克 TCS/千克土壤。显著更多的 TCS 积累在地下生物量中，而不是地上生物量中。平均生物积累因子（BAF）在萝卜根中为 0.43±0.38，在生菜叶中为 0.04±0.04，在萝卜叶中为 0.004±0.002，在百喜草中<0.001。在我们之前的田间研究中，生长在土壤 TCS 浓度较低（0.04-0.1 毫克/千克）的大豆（籽粒）和玉米（叶片）的 BAF 值为 0.06 至 0.16。根据这些数据，我们建议在植物风险评估中使用保守的第一个近似 BAF 值 0.4。
