Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2012 Aug;15(4):413-9. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2012.05.017. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
The continuing AIDS epidemic coupled with increased usage of immunosuppressive drugs to prevent organ rejection or treat autoimmune diseases has resulted in an increase in individuals at risk for acquiring fungal diseases. These concerns highlight the need to elucidate mechanisms of inducing protective immune responses against fungal pathogens. Consequently, several experimental models of human mycoses have been developed to study these diseases. The availability of transgenic animal models allows for in-depth analysis of specific components, receptors, and signaling pathways that elicit protection against fungal diseases. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of immune responses to fungal infections gained using animal models.
艾滋病疫情持续蔓延，加上为预防器官排斥或治疗自身免疫性疾病而越来越多地使用免疫抑制剂，导致罹患真菌感染风险增加的人群不断扩大。这些情况凸显了阐明诱导针对真菌病原体的保护性免疫应答机制的必要性。因此，已开发出几种人类真菌感染的实验模型来研究这些疾病。转基因动物模型的可用性使得可以深入分析引发对真菌感染的保护作用的特定成分、受体和信号通路。本文综述了使用动物模型在理解针对真菌感染的免疫应答方面的最新进展。
