MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012 Jul 6;61(26):484-9.
Since Robert Koch's 1882 discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, substantial progress has been made in tuberculosis (TB) control. Nevertheless, in the latter part of the 20th century, a long period of neglect of both quality program implementation and research led to persistently high TB incidence rates and failure to develop new tools to adequately address the problem. Today, most of the world continues to rely on the same diagnostic test invented by Koch approximately125 years ago and on drugs developed 40 years ago. The world now faces a situation in which approximately 160 persons die of TB each hour (1.45 million died in 2009), in which a quarter of all deaths in persons with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) (PWHA) are caused by TB, and in which the evolution of the bacteria has outpaced the evolution of its treatment to such an extent that some forms of TB are now untreatable. More recently, renewed attention has been given to reducing the global burden of TB, but much remains to be done.
自罗伯特·科赫（Robert Koch）于 1882 年发现结核分枝杆菌以来，结核病（TB）防控工作取得了重大进展。然而，在 20 世纪后期，由于对质量方案实施和研究的长期忽视，导致结核病发病率持续居高不下，且未能开发出足够的新工具来解决这一问题。时至今日，全球大部分地区仍依赖于科赫大约 125 年前发明的诊断检测方法和 40 年前开发的药物。目前，全球每小时约有 160 人死于结核病（2009 年有 145 万人死亡），HIV/AIDS 患者（PWHA）中四分之一的死亡是由结核病导致的，而且细菌的进化速度已经超过了治疗方法的进化速度，以至于某些形式的结核病现在已无法治疗。最近，人们重新关注降低结核病的全球负担，但仍有许多工作要做。
