Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, Debrecen 4010, Hungary.
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2012 Dec;31(3-4):815-22. doi: 10.1007/s10555-012-9392-6.
The ancient view regarding breast cancer as a metastasis has not been supported so far by experimental evidence. We have implanted nephroblastoma tumor cells resulting in a rat metastatic kidney capsule-parathymic lymph node (PTN) model. India ink implantation confirmed the lymphatic connection between the primary tumor of the kidney and PTNs. (18)F-FDG glucose analog distribution provided further evidence that the first metastatic sites of distant tumor progression are PTNs. Tumor invasion caused disruptions in the tissue of the primary renal tumor, releasing cancer cells into the peritoneal cavity. Colloidal particles, among them bacteria and India ink, crossed transdiaphragmatic channels drained from the peritonel cavity to the thoracic lymphatics and entered not only in the parathymic lymph nodes but also in the anterior mammary lymph nodes. The kidney capsule-PTN complex is reflecting a so far unknown mechanism of tumor development and suggests a similar tumor progression directed towards mammary lymph nodes. The mammalian tumor model provides a reasonable explanation for breast cancer development viewed as a metastasis, rather than a primary tumor.
迄今为止，实验证据并未支持乳腺癌是转移的古老观点。我们已经植入了肾母细胞瘤肿瘤细胞，导致大鼠转移性肾包膜-甲状旁腺淋巴结（PTN）模型。印度墨水植入证实了原发肾肿瘤与 PTN 之间的淋巴连接。（18）F-FDG 葡萄糖类似物的分布进一步证明，远处肿瘤进展的第一个转移部位是 PTN。肿瘤侵袭导致原发肾肿瘤组织破裂，将癌细胞释放到腹腔中。胶体颗粒，包括细菌和印度墨水，穿过横膈膜通道，从腹腔引流到胸导管，并不仅进入甲状旁腺淋巴结，还进入前乳腺淋巴结。肾包膜-PTN 复合物反映了一种迄今为止未知的肿瘤发展机制，并提示了一种类似的肿瘤进展，其方向是乳腺淋巴结。哺乳动物肿瘤模型为乳腺癌发展被视为转移而不是原发性肿瘤提供了合理的解释。
