Léger D, Ogrizek P
Centre du sommeil et de la vigilance, centre de référence hypersomnies rares, université Paris-Descartes, Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 1, place du Parvis-Notre-Dame, 75181 Paris cedex 04, France(1).
Rev Med Interne. 2012 Sep;33(9):525-31. doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2012.06.008. Epub 2012 Jul 6.
Insomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorders and affects severely 10% of adults worldwide. From poor sleep to insomnia, the severity of sleep disorders should be assessed clinically and by the use of validated questionnaires based on international consensual definitions. One main sign of insomnia is impaired daytime functioning. Insomnia may be treated with hypnotics only for a limited duration. Behavioural and cognitive therapies have been found efficient on chronic insomnia. Sleepiness is also a common sleep disorders due to altered sleep schedules, sleep deprivation, sleep disorders or as an adverse effect of some treatments. The risk of car accidents and the impaired quality of daytime functioning are the main consequences of sleepiness. The aim of this paper is to give some recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia and sleepiness.
失眠是最常见的睡眠障碍，全球10%的成年人深受其害。从睡眠不佳到失眠，睡眠障碍的严重程度应通过临床评估以及使用基于国际共识定义的经过验证的问卷来判定。失眠的一个主要症状是日间功能受损。失眠仅在有限的时间段内可用催眠药治疗。行为和认知疗法已被证明对慢性失眠有效。嗜睡也是一种常见的睡眠障碍，其原因包括睡眠时间表改变、睡眠剥夺、睡眠障碍或某些治疗的副作用。车祸风险和日间功能质量受损是嗜睡的主要后果。本文旨在为失眠和嗜睡的诊断与治疗提供一些建议。
