Kozajda Anna, Szadkowska-Stańczyk Irena
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. J. Nofera, Lódź Zakład Srodowiskowych Zagrozerń Zdrowia.
Med Pr. 2012;63(1):91-6.
The aim of the paper was to discuss the problems related to the classification of B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis bacteria to the 2nd risk group under the 2005 decree of the Ministry of Health on hazardous biological agents (Law Gazette No. 81, item 716 with later amendments). The decree is a Polish implementation of the Directive 2000/54/EC generally consistent with its recommendations, but in the case of certain microorganisms a separate decision has been taken and having in mind the health of workers, changes in the list of hazardous agents existing in Poland have been made. The paper presents in detail the legal situation in this field, as well as current knowledge about the biology of these microorganisms, their use in the biotechnology industry and related production of allergenic proteins, and their effect on the human health. Placement ofB. subtilis and B. thuringiensis in the 2nd risk group resulted in the interpretative difficulties encountered by employers who use products containing these bacteria, institutions involved in such products trade and inspectorates supervising working conditions. Based on the literature review it is suggested to initiate actions leading to the development of hygiene norms for certain enzymes/bioinsecticides present in the air, the more that the tests to assess air concentrations of some of them are available. This solution would permit to remove B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis bacteria from the 2nd risk group without the risk for the care of workers' health.
本文旨在探讨根据2005年卫生部关于危险生物制剂的法令（《法律公报》第81号，项目716及后续修正案）将枯草芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌归类为第二类风险组所涉及的问题。该法令是波兰对2000/54/EC指令的实施，总体上与其建议一致，但对于某些微生物已做出单独决定，并且考虑到工人的健康，对波兰现有的危险制剂清单进行了修改。本文详细介绍了该领域的法律状况，以及关于这些微生物生物学的现有知识、它们在生物技术产业中的用途和相关致敏蛋白的生产，以及它们对人类健康的影响。将枯草芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌置于第二类风险组给使用含有这些细菌产品的雇主、从事此类产品贸易的机构以及监督工作条件的检查机构带来了解释上的困难。基于文献综述，建议采取行动制定空气中某些酶/生物杀虫剂的卫生规范，尤其是因为已有评估其中一些物质空气浓度的测试方法。这种解决方案将允许在不危及工人健康护理的情况下将枯草芽孢杆菌和苏云金芽孢杆菌从第二类风险组中移除。
