Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical & CMDT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.
Hum Resour Health. 2012 Jul 9;10:14. doi: 10.1186/1478-4491-10-14.
Health workers' attitudes toward immigrant patients influence behaviour, medical decisions, quality of care and health outcomes. Despite the increasing number of immigrant patients in health services and the potential influence of health workers' attitudes, there is little research in this area. This study aimed to examine attitudes of different health workers' groups toward immigrant patients and to identify the associated factors.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with a random sample of 400 health workers from primary health care services in the Lisbon region, Portugal. Among those, 320 completed a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used for the evaluation of data.
Most participants did not agree that immigrant patients tend to behave like victims, but about half considered that some are aggressive and dangerous. Doctors and nurses showed more positive attitudes than office workers. Among doctors, the older ones reported less positive attitudes compared to the younger ones. Health workers who have less daily contact with immigrants revealed more positive attitudes. Most participants evaluated their knowledge and competencies to work with immigrants as moderate or low.
Although health workers reveal positive attitudes, this study reinforces the need to develop strategies that prevent negative attitudes and stereotyping in health services. Efforts should be made to improve workers' competencies to deal with culturally diverse populations, in order to promote quality of health care and obtain positive health outcomes among immigrant populations.
卫生工作者对移民患者的态度会影响其行为、医疗决策、护理质量和健康结果。尽管移民患者在卫生服务中的数量不断增加，且卫生工作者态度可能会产生潜在影响，但该领域的研究却很少。本研究旨在调查不同卫生工作者群体对移民患者的态度，并确定相关因素。
本横断面研究对葡萄牙里斯本地区初级卫生保健服务的 400 名卫生工作者进行了随机抽样，其中 320 名完成了一份结构化问卷。采用描述性分析和多元线性回归分析评估数据。
大多数参与者并不认为移民患者倾向于表现得像受害者，但约一半的参与者认为一些移民患者具有攻击性和危险性。医生和护士的态度比办公室工作人员更为积极。在医生中，与年轻医生相比，年长医生的态度更为消极。与移民日常接触较少的卫生工作者表现出更为积极的态度。大多数参与者评价自己与移民合作的知识和能力为中等或较低水平。
尽管卫生工作者表现出积极的态度，但本研究强调了在卫生服务中需要制定策略来防止消极态度和刻板印象。应努力提高工作人员与文化多元化人群打交道的能力，以促进医疗保健质量，并为移民群体获得积极的健康结果。
