Leibniz-Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research ZALF, Institute of Landscape Biogeochemistry, Müncheberg, Germany.
J Appl Microbiol. 2012 Oct;113(4):874-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05388.x. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
A laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the influence of cocultivation of toxigenic Fusarium (F.) and Alternaria (A.) fungi with respect to growth and mycotoxin production.
Fusarium culmorum Fc13, Fusarium graminearum Fg23 and two Alternaria tenuissima isolates (At18 and At220) were simultaneously or consecutively co-incubated on wheat kernels in an in vitro test system. Fungal biomass was quantified by determining ergosterol content. Three Fusarium toxins (DON, NIV and ZON) and three Alternaria toxins (AOH, AME and ALT) were analysed by a newly developed HPLC/MS/MS method. In simultaneous cocultures, the fungal biomass was enhanced up to 460% compared with individual cultures; Alternaria toxins were considerably depressed down to <5%. Combining At18 and At220 with Fg23 inhibited the toxin production of both fungal partners. In contrast, Fc13 increased its DON and ZON production in competitive interaction with both A. strains.
The interfungal competitive effects aid the understanding of the processes of competition of both fungi in natural environments and the involvement of mycotoxins as antifungal factors.
Cocultivation significantly affects fungal growth and mycotoxin production of phytopathogenic Alternaria and Fusarium strains. The impact of mycotoxins on the interfungal competition is highlighted.
本实验室研究旨在评估产毒镰刀菌（Fusarium）和交链格孢菌（Alternaria）真菌共培养对生长和产毒的影响。
在体外试验系统中，同时或连续共培养镰孢菌（Fusarium culmorum Fc13、禾谷镰孢菌 Fg23）和两个细极链格孢菌（Alternaria tenuissima）分离株（At18 和 At220）于麦粒上。通过测定麦角固醇含量来定量真菌生物量。采用新开发的 HPLC/MS/MS 方法分析了三种镰刀菌毒素（DON、NIV 和 ZON）和三种交链格孢菌毒素（AOH、AME 和 ALT）。在同时共培养中，真菌生物量与单独培养相比增加了 460%；交链格孢菌毒素则显著下降至<5%。At18 和 At220 与 Fg23 联合培养时，抑制了两种真菌伙伴的毒素产生。相比之下，Fc13 在与两种 A. 菌株的竞争相互作用中增加了 DON 和 ZON 的产生。
真菌间的竞争效应有助于理解两种真菌在自然环境中的竞争过程，以及真菌毒素作为抗真菌因素的参与。
共培养显著影响植物病原菌交链格孢菌和镰刀菌菌株的真菌生长和产毒。强调了真菌毒素对真菌间竞争的影响。
