Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, EA 3533, BP 80026, F-63171, Aubière Cedex, France.
Lipids Health Dis. 2012 Jul 10;11:91. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-91.
The relationships between fat mass and bone tissue are complex and not fully elucidated. A high-fat/high-sucrose diet has been shown to induce harmful effects on bone micro architecture and bone biomechanics of rat. When such diet leads to obesity, it may induce an improvement of biomechanical bone parameters in rodent.Here, we examined the impact of a high-fat/high-sucrose diet on the body composition and its resulting effects on bone density and structure in male rats. Forty three Wistar rats aged 7 months were split into 3 groups: 1 sacrificed before diet (BD, n = 14); 1 subjected to 16 weeks of high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HF/HS, n = 14); 1 subjected to standard diet (Control, n = 15). Abdominal circumference and insulin sensitivity were measured and visceral fat mass was weighed. The bone mineral density (BMD) was analyzed at the whole body and tibia by densitometry. Microcomputed tomography and histomorphometric analysis were performed at L2 vertebrae and tibia to study the trabecular and cortical bone structures and the bone cell activities. Osteocalcin and CTX levels were performed to assess the relative balance of the bone formation and resorption. Differences between groups have been tested with an ANOVA with subsequent Scheffe post-hoc test. An ANCOVA with global mass and global fat as covariates was used to determine the potential implication of the resulting mechanical loading on bone.
The HF/HS group had higher body mass, fat masses and abdominal circumference and developed an impaired glucose tolerance (p < 0.001). Whole body bone mass (p < 0.001) and BMD (p < 0.05) were higher in HF/HS group vs. Control group. The trabecular thickness at vertebrae and the cortical porosity of tibia were improved (p < 0.05) in HF/HS group. Bone formation was predominant in HF/HS group while an unbalance bone favoring bone resorption was observed in the controls. The HF/HS and Control groups had higher total and abdominal fat masses and altered bone parameters vs. BD group.
The HF/HS diet had induced obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. These changes resulted in an improvement of quantitative, qualitative and metabolic bone parameters. The fat mass increase partly explained these observations.
脂肪组织和骨组织之间的关系复杂，尚未完全阐明。高脂肪/高蔗糖饮食已被证明会对大鼠的骨微观结构和骨生物力学产生有害影响。当这种饮食导致肥胖时，它可能会导致啮齿动物的生物力学骨参数改善。在这里，我们研究了高脂肪/高蔗糖饮食对雄性大鼠体成分的影响及其对骨密度和结构的影响。43 只 7 月龄 Wistar 大鼠分为 3 组：1 组在饮食前处死（BD，n = 14）；1 组接受 16 周高脂肪/高蔗糖饮食（HF/HS，n = 14）；1 组接受标准饮食（对照组，n = 15）。测量腹围和胰岛素敏感性，并称重内脏脂肪量。通过密度仪分析全身和胫骨的骨矿物质密度（BMD）。对 L2 椎体和胫骨进行微计算机断层扫描和组织形态计量学分析，以研究小梁和皮质骨结构以及骨细胞活性。测定骨钙素和 CTX 水平，以评估骨形成和吸收的相对平衡。采用方差分析（ANOVA）检验组间差异，随后采用 Scheffe 事后检验进行比较。采用包含总体质量和总体脂肪作为协变量的协方差分析（ANCOVA）来确定由此产生的机械负荷对骨的潜在影响。
HF/HS 组体重、脂肪量和腹围增加，糖耐量受损（p<0.001）。HF/HS 组全身骨量（p<0.001）和 BMD（p<0.05）高于对照组。椎体的小梁厚度和胫骨的皮质孔隙率改善（p<0.05）HF/HS 组。HF/HS 组骨形成占优势，而对照组骨吸收占优势。HF/HS 和对照组的总脂肪量和腹部脂肪量以及骨参数均高于 BD 组。
HF/HS 饮食导致肥胖和糖耐量受损。这些变化导致定量、定性和代谢性骨参数的改善。脂肪量的增加部分解释了这些观察结果。
