State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2012 Jun-Jul;105(6-7):373-85. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2012.02.010. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
The discovery of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and a (pro)renin receptor has renewed interest in the physiology of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Through the ACE2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas counter-regulatory axis, ACE2 balances the vasoconstrictive, proliferative, fibrotic and proinflammatory effects of the ACE/angiotensin II/AT1 axis. The (pro)renin receptor system shows an angiotensin-dependent function related to increased generation of angiotensin I, and an angiotensin-independent aspect related to intracellular signalling. Activation of ACE2 and inhibition of ACE and renin have been at the core of the RAS regulation. The aim of this review is to discuss the biochemistry and biological functions of ACE, ACE2 and renin within and beyond the RAS, and thus provide a perspective for future bioactives from natural plant and/or food resources related to the three proteases.
血管紧张素转换酶 2（ACE2）和（前）肾素受体的发现重新引起了人们对肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）生理学的兴趣。通过 ACE2/血管紧张素-(1-7)/Mas 反向调节轴，ACE2 平衡了 ACE/血管紧张素 II/AT1 轴的血管收缩、增殖、纤维化和促炎作用。（前）肾素受体系统具有与血管紧张素依赖性的功能相关的增加的血管紧张素 I 的生成，和与细胞内信号转导相关的血管紧张素非依赖性方面。ACE2 的激活和 ACE 和肾素的抑制一直是 RAS 调节的核心。本综述的目的是讨论 ACE、ACE2 和肾素在 RAS 内外的生物化学和生物学功能，从而为与这三种蛋白酶相关的天然植物和/或食物资源中的未来生物活性物质提供一个视角。
