Hood Center for Children and Families, The Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, One Medical Center Dr, HB 7465, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
Pediatrics. 2012 Aug;130(2):e296-304. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2898. Epub 2012 Jul 16.
To compare the associations between weight status and different forms of physical activity among adolescents.
We conducted telephone surveys with 1718 New Hampshire and Vermont high school students and their parents as part of a longitudinal study of adolescent health. We surveyed adolescents about their team sports participation, other extracurricular physical activity, active commuting, physical education, recreational activity for fun, screen time, diet quality, and demographics. Overweight/obesity (BMI for age ≥ 85th percentile) and obesity (BMI for age ≥ 95 percentile) were based on self-reported height and weight.
Overall, 29.0% (n = 498) of the sample was overweight/obese and 13.0% (n = 223) were obese. After adjustments, sports team participation was inversely related to overweight/obesity (relative risk [RR] = 0.73 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61, 0.87] for >2 sports teams versus 0) and obesity (RR = 0.61 [95% CI: 0.45, 0.81] for >2 sports teams versus 0). Additionally, active commuting to school was inversely related to obesity (RR = 0.67 [95% CI: 0.45, 0.99] for >3.5 days per week versus 0). Attributable risk estimates suggest obesity prevalence would decrease by 26.1% (95% CI: 9.4%, 42.8%) if all adolescents played on 2 sports teams per year and by 22.1% (95% CI: 0.1%, 43.3%) if all adolescents walked/biked to school at least 4 days per week.
Team sport participation had the strongest and most consistent inverse association with weight status. Active commuting to school may reduce the risk of obesity, but not necessarily overweight, and should be studied further. Obesity prevention programs should consider strategies to increase team sport participation among all students.
比较青少年体重状况与不同形式体育活动之间的关联。
我们对新罕布什尔州和佛蒙特州的 1718 名高中生及其家长进行了电话调查，这是一项青少年健康纵向研究的一部分。我们调查了青少年参加团队运动、课外体育活动、主动通勤、体育课、娱乐性活动、屏幕时间、饮食质量和人口统计学方面的情况。超重/肥胖（年龄身高体重指数≥第 85 百分位数）和肥胖（年龄身高体重指数≥第 95 百分位数）基于自我报告的身高和体重。
总体而言，样本中 29.0%（n=498）为超重/肥胖，13.0%（n=223）为肥胖。调整后，团队运动参与与超重/肥胖呈负相关（相对风险[RR]为 0.73[95%置信区间（CI）：0.61，0.87]，与>2 个运动队相比为 0）和肥胖（RR 为 0.61[95%CI：0.45，0.81]，与>2 个运动队相比为 0）。此外，主动上学通勤与肥胖呈负相关（RR 为 0.67[95%CI：0.45，0.99]，每周>3.5 天相比为 0）。归因风险估计表明，如果所有青少年每年参加 2 项团队运动，肥胖的流行率将降低 26.1%（95%CI：9.4%，42.8%）；如果所有青少年每周至少有 4 天步行/骑自行车上学，肥胖的流行率将降低 22.1%（95%CI：0.1%，43.3%）。
团队运动参与与体重状况的关联最强且最一致。主动上学通勤可能降低肥胖风险，但不一定是超重风险，需要进一步研究。肥胖预防计划应考虑增加所有学生参与团队运动的策略。
