Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Mar;28(3):815-26. doi: 10.1007/s11274-011-0874-4. Epub 2011 Sep 6.
Synthetic dyes are extensively used in textile dyeing, paper, printing, colour photography, pharmaceutics, cosmetics and other industries. Among these, azodyes represents the largest and most versatile class of synthetic dyes. As high as 50% of the dyes are released into the environment during manufacture and usage. Traditional methods of treatment are found to be expensive and have operational problems. Biological decolourization has been investigated as a method to transform, degrade or mineralize azo dyes. In the present studies bacteria from soil from dye waste area, dye waste, sewage and dung were subjected to acclimatization with C.I. Reactive Red 195 an azo dye, in the basal nutrient media. The most promising bacterial isolate was used for further dye degradation studies. The 16s rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical characteristics revealed the isolated organism as Enterococcus faecalis strain YZ66. The strain showed 99.5% decolourization of the selected dye (Reactive Red 195-50 mg/l) within one and half hour in static anoxic condition. The optimum pH and temperature for the decolourization was 5.0 and 40°C respectively. The biodegradation was monitored by UV-Vis, FTIR, TLC and HPLC. The final products were characterized by Gas chromatography and Mass Spectrophotometry. Toxicity study demonstrated no toxicity of the biodegradation product. The results suggest that the isolated organism E. faecalis strain YZ 66 can be used as a useful tool to treat waste water containing reactive dyes.
合成染料广泛应用于纺织染色、纸张、印刷、彩色摄影、制药、化妆品和其他行业。其中，偶氮染料代表了最大和最通用的一类合成染料。在制造和使用过程中，高达 50%的染料会释放到环境中。传统的处理方法被发现既昂贵又存在操作问题。生物脱色已被研究作为一种将偶氮染料转化、降解或矿化的方法。在本研究中，从染料废物区、染料废物、污水和粪便中的土壤中分离出的细菌在基础营养培养基中用 C.I. 活性红 195 偶氮染料进行驯化。最有前途的细菌分离物用于进一步的染料降解研究。16s rRNA 基因测序和生化特性表明，分离出的菌株为屎肠球菌 YZ66 株。该菌株在静态缺氧条件下，1.5 小时内可将选定的染料（活性红 195-50mg/L）脱色 99.5%。最佳脱色 pH 值和温度分别为 5.0 和 40°C。通过 UV-Vis、FTIR、TLC 和 HPLC 监测生物降解。最终产物通过气相色谱和质谱进行表征。毒性研究表明，生物降解产物无毒性。结果表明，分离出的屎肠球菌 YZ66 株可作为处理含活性染料废水的有用工具。
