Department of Neurology, Charité, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Cephalalgia. 2012 Oct;32(14):1023-30. doi: 10.1177/0333102412454945. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
The study's objective was to assess self-awareness and medical recognition of migraine and their determinants in Germany.
We conducted a nationally representative study of the general population of Germany (N = 7341, aged ≥18 years) by means of computer-assisted telephone interviews. Migraine was diagnosed based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, second edition (ICDH-II).
Twelve-month prevalence of ICHD-II-migraine was 10.6% (women 15.6%, men 5.3%). Seventy percent of ICDH-II-migraineurs recognised their headaches as migraine (moderate agreement between ICDH-II and self-diagnosis, κ = 0.46). Only 42% of migraineurs consulted a physician in the previous 12 months. Of those, 63% reported a medical diagnosis of migraine (moderate agreement, κ = 0.40). Women were more likely to be self-aware (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27-2.60), but the difference was no longer significant when adjusting for migraine features. Physician recognition was more likely in patients with higher educational level (high vs. low education OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.43-10.61 after adjusting for migrainous features). Best predictors for self-awareness and medical recognition of migraine were typical migraine accompaniments and greater headache intensity.
Self-awareness and physician recognition of migraine are low in Germany. Presence of typical migraine features and greater headache intensity facilitate medical recognition and awareness of migraine, especially in females.
本研究旨在评估德国偏头痛的自我意识和医学认知及其决定因素。
我们通过计算机辅助电话访谈对德国的一般人群（N=7341 人，年龄≥18 岁）进行了一项全国代表性研究。偏头痛的诊断基于国际头痛疾病分类，第二版（ICDH-II）。
ICDH-II-偏头痛的 12 个月患病率为 10.6%（女性 15.6%，男性 5.3%）。70%的 ICDH-II-偏头痛患者将其头痛识别为偏头痛（ICDH-II 与自我诊断之间的一致性中等，κ=0.46）。仅有 42%的偏头痛患者在过去 12 个月内咨询过医生。其中，63%的人报告了偏头痛的医学诊断（中度一致性，κ=0.40）。女性更有可能自我意识（优势比[OR]1.81，95%置信区间[CI]1.27-2.60），但在调整偏头痛特征后，差异不再显著。在调整偏头痛特征后，具有较高教育程度的患者更有可能得到医生的认可（高 vs. 低教育 OR 3.90，95%CI 1.43-10.61）。偏头痛自我意识和医学认知的最佳预测因素是典型偏头痛伴随症状和更大的头痛强度。
德国的偏头痛自我意识和医生识别率较低。存在典型的偏头痛特征和更大的头痛强度有助于促进对偏头痛的医学识别和意识，尤其是在女性中。
