Department of Biology, Saint Mary's College of California, 1928 Saint Marys Road, Moraga, CA 94556, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Oct;50(10):3759-68. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.008. Epub 2012 Jul 15.
The popularity and prevalence of energy beverages makes it essential to examine the interactions between the ingredients and their effects on the safety of these beverages. In this study, we used in vitro assays to examine the effects of two energy beverages on mesenchymal, epithelial and neuronal cells. Our results showed that treatment of epithelial and mesenchymal cells with either energy beverage resulted in a dose dependent delay in wound closure, in a scratch wound healing assay. In rat embryonic fibroblasts, treatment with the energy beverages led to decreased lamellipodia formation and decreased proliferation/viability; whereas in MDCK cells, energy beverage treatment resulted in actin disorganization without any effects on cell proliferation. This suggests that the mechanisms underlying delayed wound healing might be different in the two cell types. Interestingly, the delays in both cell types could not be mimicked by treatment of caffeine, taurine and glucose alone or in combinations. Furthermore, treatment of chick forebrain neuronal cultures with energy beverages resulted in a dose dependent inhibition of neurite outgrowth. The cellular assays used in this study provide a consistent, qualitative and quantitative system for examining the combinatorial effects of the various ingredients used in energy beverages.
能量饮料的普及和流行使得研究其成分之间的相互作用及其对这些饮料安全性的影响变得至关重要。在这项研究中，我们使用体外分析来研究两种能量饮料对间充质、上皮和神经元细胞的影响。我们的结果表明，在划痕愈合实验中，上皮细胞和间充质细胞用任一种能量饮料处理都会导致伤口愈合的时间依赖性延迟。在大鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中，能量饮料的处理导致片状伪足形成减少和增殖/活力降低；而在 MDCK 细胞中，能量饮料处理导致肌动蛋白解聚，但对细胞增殖没有任何影响。这表明，两种细胞类型中延迟伤口愈合的机制可能不同。有趣的是，单独或组合使用咖啡因、牛磺酸和葡萄糖处理不能模拟两种细胞类型的延迟。此外，用能量饮料处理鸡前脑神经元培养物会导致神经突生长的剂量依赖性抑制。本研究中使用的细胞分析为研究能量饮料中使用的各种成分的组合效应提供了一个一致、定性和定量的系统。
