Division of Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Jan 1;127(1-3):170-6. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.028. Epub 2012 Jul 17.
Although data clearly link major depression and smoking, little is known about the association between dysthymia and minor depression and smoking behavior. The current study examined changes in smoking over 3 years for current and former smokers with and without dysthymia and minor depression.
Participants who were current or former daily cigarette smokers at Wave 1 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions and completed the Wave 2 assessment were included in these analyses (n=11,973; 46% female). Analyses examined the main and gender-specific effects of current dysthymia, lifetime dysthymia, and minor depression (a single diagnostic category that denoted current and/or lifetime prevalence) on continued smoking for Wave 1 current daily smokers and continued abstinence for Wave 1 former daily smokers.
Wave 1 current daily smokers with current dysthymia (OR=2.13, 95% CI=1.23, 3.70) or minor depression (OR=1.53, 95% CI=1.07, 2.18) were more likely than smokers without the respective diagnosis to report continued smoking at Wave 2. Wave 1 former daily smokers with current dysthymia (OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.20, 0.96) and lifetime dysthymia (OR=0.37, 95% CI=0.15, 0.91) were less likely than those without the diagnosis to remain abstinent from smoking at Wave 2. The gender-by-diagnosis interactions were not significant, suggesting that the impact of dysthymia and minor depression on smoking behavior is similar among men and women.
Current dysthymia and minor depression are associated with a greater likelihood of continued smoking; current and lifetime dysthymia are associated with a decreased likelihood of continued smoking abstinence.
尽管大量数据表明重度抑郁症与吸烟之间存在关联，但心境恶劣障碍和轻度抑郁症与吸烟行为之间的关系却鲜为人知。本研究调查了患有或未患有心境恶劣障碍和轻度抑郁症的当前吸烟者和曾经吸烟者在 3 年内吸烟习惯的变化情况。
参与国家酒精流行病学调查和相关条件的第一波调查且为当前或曾经的每日吸烟者，并完成了第二波评估的人员被纳入本分析（n=11973；46%为女性）。分析考察了当前心境恶劣障碍、终身心境恶劣障碍和轻度抑郁症（一个表示当前和/或终身患病率的单一诊断类别）对第一波当前每日吸烟者持续吸烟和第一波曾经每日吸烟者持续戒烟的主要影响和性别特异性影响。
与没有相应诊断的吸烟者相比，患有当前心境恶劣障碍（OR=2.13，95%CI=1.23，3.70）或轻度抑郁症（OR=1.53，95%CI=1.07，2.18）的第一波当前每日吸烟者更有可能在第二波调查中报告持续吸烟。患有当前心境恶劣障碍（OR=0.44，95%CI=0.20，0.96）和终身心境恶劣障碍（OR=0.37，95%CI=0.15，0.91）的第一波曾经每日吸烟者与没有该诊断的吸烟者相比，在第二波调查中保持戒烟的可能性较低。性别与诊断之间的交互作用不显著，这表明心境恶劣障碍和轻度抑郁症对吸烟行为的影响在男性和女性中相似。
当前心境恶劣障碍和轻度抑郁症与持续吸烟的可能性增加有关；当前和终身心境恶劣障碍与持续戒烟的可能性降低有关。
