Psychology Department, University of Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Dev Psychol. 2013 Mar;49(3):480-90. doi: 10.1037/a0029479. Epub 2012 Jul 23.
Knowledge transfer is most effective when speakers provide good quality (in addition to accurate) information. Two studies investigated whether preschool- (4-5 years old) and school-age (6-7 years old) children prefer speakers who provide sufficient information over those who provide insufficient (yet accurate) information. Children were provided clues to the location of hidden dots by speakers who varied in quality and accuracy. Subsequently, children decided from whom they would like to receive additional information. In Study 1, when the outcome of the clue was clear, preschool- (n = 40) and school-age (n = 42) children chose to solicit information from sufficient rather than from insufficient speakers. In Study 2, when not provided with information about the outcome of the speakers' clues, school-age (n = 22), but not preschool-age (n = 19), children preferred sufficient relative to insufficient speakers. Results highlight a developmental progression in children's use of information quality as a cue to determining that individuals are preferable informants.
当说话者提供高质量（除了准确）的信息时，知识转移是最有效的。两项研究调查了学龄前（4-5 岁）和学龄（6-7 岁）儿童是否更喜欢提供足够信息的说话者，而不是提供不足（但准确）信息的说话者。通过在信息质量和准确性上存在差异的说话者，孩子们获得了隐藏点位置的线索。随后，孩子们决定从谁那里获得更多信息。在研究 1 中，当线索的结果明确时，学龄前（n = 40）和学龄（n = 42）儿童选择向提供足够信息的说话者而不是提供不足信息的说话者寻求信息。在研究 2 中，当没有提供关于说话者线索结果的信息时，学龄（n = 22），而不是学龄前（n = 19）儿童，更喜欢提供足够信息的说话者而不是提供不足信息的说话者。研究结果表明，儿童在使用信息质量作为确定个人是更好信息源的线索方面，存在发展上的进步。
