Mukai C, Travis A J
College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2012 Aug;47 Suppl 4(0 4):164-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02071.x.
Mammalian sperm have evolved under strict selection pressures that have resulted in a highly polarized and efficient design. A critical component of that design is the compartmentalization of specific metabolic pathways to specific regions of the cell. Although the restricted localization of mitochondria to the midpiece is the best known example of this design, the organization of the enzymes of glycolysis along the fibrous sheath is the primary focus of this review. Evolution of variants of these metabolic enzymes has allowed them to function when tethered, enabling localized energy production that is essential for sperm motility. We close by exploring how this design might be mimicked to provide an energy-producing platform technology for applications in nanobiotechnology.
哺乳动物的精子是在严格的选择压力下进化而来的，这导致了高度极化且高效的设计。该设计的一个关键组成部分是将特定的代谢途径分隔到细胞的特定区域。尽管线粒体局限于中段是这种设计最广为人知的例子，但沿纤维鞘排列的糖酵解酶的组织是本综述的主要关注点。这些代谢酶变体的进化使它们在被束缚时仍能发挥作用，从而实现局部能量产生，这对精子运动至关重要。我们最后探讨了如何模仿这种设计，以提供一种用于纳米生物技术应用的能量产生平台技术。
