Rolka Henry, Walker David W, English Roseanne, Katzoff Myron J, Scogin Gail, Neuhaus Elizabeth
Public Health Surveillance and Informatics Program Office, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
MMWR Suppl. 2012 Jul 27;61(3):35-40.
The root of effective disease control and prevention is an informed understanding of the epidemiology of a particular disease based on sound scientific interpretation of evidence. Such evidence must frequently be transformed from raw data into consumable information before it can be used for making decisions, determining policy, and conducting programs. However, the work of building such evidence in public health practice--doing the right thing at the right time--is essentially hidden from view. Surveillance involves acquiring, analyzing, and interpreting data and information from several sources across various systems. Achieving the goals and objectives of surveillance investments requires attention to analytic requirements of such systems. The process requires computer programming, statistical reasoning, subject matter expertise, often modeling, and effective communication skills.
有效疾病防控的根源在于，基于对证据的合理科学解读，深入了解特定疾病的流行病学情况。在将此类证据用于决策、制定政策和开展项目之前，必须经常将原始数据转化为可用信息。然而，在公共卫生实践中积累此类证据的工作——在正确的时间做正确的事——基本上是不为人所见的。监测涉及从多个系统的多个来源获取、分析和解读数据及信息。要实现监测投资的目标，需要关注此类系统的分析要求。这个过程需要计算机编程、统计推理、专业知识，通常还需要建模以及有效的沟通技巧。
