Stabej Katja Kladnik, Smid Lojze, Gros Anton, Zargi Miha, Kosir Andrej, Vatovec Jagoda
University Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, The University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Zaloska 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Oct;76(10):1392-400. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
To investigate the music perception abilities of prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants, in comparison to a group of normal-hearing children, and to consider the factors that contribute to music perception.
The music perception abilities of 39 prelingually deaf children with unilateral cochlear implants were compared to the abilities of 39 normal hearing children. To assess the music listening abilities, the MuSIC perception test was adopted. The influence of the child's age, age at implantation, device experience and type of sound-processing strategy on the music perception were evaluated. The effects of auditory performance, nonverbal intellectual abilities, as well as the child's additional musical education on music perception were also considered.
Children with cochlear implants and normal hearing children performed significantly differently with respect to rhythm discrimination (55% vs. 82%, p<0.001), instrument identification (57% vs. 88%, p<0.001) and emotion rating (p=0.022). However we found no significant difference in terms of melody discrimination and dissonance rating between the two groups. There was a positive correlation between auditory performance and melody discrimination (r=0.27; p=0.031), between auditory performance and instrument identification (r=0.20; p=0.059) and between the child's grade (mark) in school music classes and melody discrimination (r=0.34; p=0.030). In children with cochlear implant only, the music perception ability assessed by the emotion rating test was negatively correlated to the child's age (r(S)=-0.38; p=0.001), age at implantation (r(S)=-0.34; p=0.032), and device experience (r(S)=-0.38; p=0.019). The child's grade in school music classes showed a positive correlation to music perception abilities assessed by rhythm discrimination test (r(S)=0.46; p<0.001), melody discrimination test (r(S)=0.28; p=0.018), and instrument identification test (r(S)=0.23; p=0.05).
As expected, there was a marked difference in the music perception abilities of prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants in comparison to the group of normal hearing children, but not for all the tests of music perception. Additional multi-centre studies, including a larger number of participants and a broader spectrum of music subtests, considering as many as possible of the factors that may contribute to music perception, seem reasonable.
与一组听力正常的儿童相比，研究语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入后的音乐感知能力，并探讨影响音乐感知的因素。
比较39名单侧人工耳蜗植入的语前聋儿童与39名听力正常儿童的音乐感知能力。采用MuSIC感知测试评估音乐聆听能力。评估儿童年龄、植入时年龄、设备使用经验和声音处理策略类型对音乐感知的影响。还考虑了听觉表现、非语言智力能力以及儿童接受的额外音乐教育对音乐感知的影响。
人工耳蜗植入儿童与听力正常儿童在节奏辨别（55%对82%，p<0.001）、乐器识别（57%对88%，p<0.001）和情感评分（p=0.022）方面表现出显著差异。然而，两组在旋律辨别和不和谐评分方面没有显著差异。听觉表现与旋律辨别之间存在正相关（r=0.27；p=0.031），听觉表现与乐器识别之间存在正相关（r=0.20；p=0.059），儿童在学校音乐课的成绩与旋律辨别之间存在正相关（r=0.34；p=0.030）。仅在人工耳蜗植入儿童中，情感评分测试评估的音乐感知能力与儿童年龄（r(S)=-0.38；p=0.001）、植入时年龄（r(S)=-0.34；p=0.032）和设备使用经验（r(S)=-0.38；p=0.019）呈负相关。儿童在学校音乐课的成绩与节奏辨别测试（r(S)=0.46；p<0.001）、旋律辨别测试（r(S)=0.28；p=0.018）和乐器识别测试（r(S)=0.23；p=0.05）评估的音乐感知能力呈正相关。
正如预期的那样，与听力正常儿童组相比，语前聋人工耳蜗植入儿童的音乐感知能力存在显著差异，但并非在所有音乐感知测试中均如此。开展更多多中心研究，纳入更多参与者，采用更广泛的音乐子测试，尽可能考虑可能影响音乐感知的因素，似乎是合理的。
