Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Sep;23(9):829-35. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jul 24.
Previous research on the association between fish consumption and incident type 2 diabetes has been inconclusive. In addition, few studies have investigated how fish consumption may be related to the metabolic abnormalities underlying diabetes. Therefore, we examined the association of fish consumption with measures of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function in a multi-ethnic population.
We examined the cross-sectional association between fish consumption and measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion in 951 non-diabetic participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Fish consumption, categorized as <2 vs. ≥2 portions/week, was measured using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Insulin sensitivity (S(I)) and acute insulin response (AIR) were determined from frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. Higher fish consumption was independently associated with lower S(I)-adjusted AIR (β = -0.13 [-0.25, -0.016], p = 0.03, comparing ≥2 vs. <2 portions/week). Fish consumption was positively associated with intact and split proinsulin/C-peptide ratios, however, these associations were confounded by ethnicity (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.073 [-0.014, 0.16] for intact proinsulin/C-peptide ratio, β = 0.031 [-0.065, 0.13] for split proinsulin/C-peptide ratio). We also observed a significant positive association between fish consumption and fasting blood glucose (multivariable-adjusted β = 2.27 [0.68, 3.86], p = 0.005). We found no association between fish consumption and S(I) (multivariable-adjusted β = -0.015 [-0.083, 0.053]) or fasting insulin (multivariable-adjusted β = 0.016 [-0.066, 0.10]).
Fish consumption was not associated with measures of insulin sensitivity in the multi-ethnic IRAS cohort. However, higher fish consumption may be associated with pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.
之前关于鱼类摄入量与 2 型糖尿病发病风险的研究结果并不一致。此外，很少有研究探讨鱼类摄入量与糖尿病相关代谢异常之间的关系。因此，我们在一个多民族人群中研究了鱼类摄入量与胰岛素敏感性和胰岛β细胞功能相关指标之间的关系。
我们在胰岛素抵抗动脉粥样硬化研究（IRAS）中，对 951 名非糖尿病参与者进行了横断面研究，分析了鱼类摄入量与胰岛素敏感性和分泌相关指标之间的关系。采用经过验证的食物频率问卷评估鱼类摄入量，分为<2 份/周和≥2 份/周。胰岛素敏感性（S（I））和急性胰岛素反应（AIR）通过多次采样静脉葡萄糖耐量试验确定。较高的鱼类摄入量与 S（I）校正后的 AIR 降低独立相关（β=-0.13[-0.25，-0.016]，p=0.03，比较≥2 份/周和<2 份/周）。鱼类摄入量与完整和分裂胰岛素原/C 肽比呈正相关，但这些关联受到种族的影响（完整胰岛素原/C 肽比的多变量调整后β=0.073[-0.014，0.16]，分裂胰岛素原/C 肽比的β=0.031[-0.065，0.13]）。我们还观察到鱼类摄入量与空腹血糖之间存在显著正相关（多变量调整后β=2.27[0.68，3.86]，p=0.005）。我们没有发现鱼类摄入量与 S（I）（多变量调整后β=-0.015[-0.083，0.053]）或空腹胰岛素（多变量调整后β=0.016[-0.066，0.10]）之间存在关联。
在多民族的 IRAS 队列中，鱼类摄入量与胰岛素敏感性相关指标无关。然而，较高的鱼类摄入量可能与胰岛β细胞功能障碍有关。
