Huang Meng-Chuan, Chang Chiao-I, Chang Wen-Tsan, Liao Yen-Ling, Chung Hsin-Fang, Hsu Chih-Cheng, Shin Shyi-Jang, Lin Kun-Der
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medicine and Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Food Nutr Res. 2019 Nov 20;63. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v63.3592. eCollection 2019.
Metabolic alterations correlate with adverse outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Dietary modification serves as an integral part in its treatment.
We examined the relationships among dietary patterns, dietary biomarkers, and metabolic indicators in type 2 diabetes ( = 871).
Diabetic patients ( = 871) who provided complete clinical and dietary data in both 2008 and 2009 were selected from a cohort participating in a diabetic control study in Taiwan. Dietary data were obtained using a short, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires, and dietary pattern identified by factor analysis. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the association between dietary biomarkers (ferritin, folate, and erythrocyte n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [n-3 PUFAs]) and metabolic control upon adjusting for confounders.
Three dietary patterns (high-fat meat, traditional Chinese food-snack, and fish-vegetable) were identified. Ferritin correlated positively with high-fat meat factor scores ( for trend <0.001). Erythrocyte n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] + docosahexaenoic acid [DHA], n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio) correlated positively with fish-vegetable factor scores (all for trends <0.001). Multiple linear regressions revealed a positive relationship between ferritin concentrations and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and triglycerides, but a negative relationship with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA, EPA+DHA, and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio were negatively linked to FPG, HbA1c, and triglycerides (all < 0.05) and positively with HDL-C (though n-3/n-6 ratio marginally correlated).
Ferritin and n-3 PUFA can serve as valid biomarkers for high-fat meat and fish-vegetable dietary patterns. Unlike ferritin, erythrocyte n-3 PUFA status was related to better glycemic and blood lipid profiles. Our results suggest that habitual consumption of diet pattern rich in fish and vegetables may contribute in part to a healthier metabolic profile in type 2 diabetes.
代谢改变与2型糖尿病的不良预后相关。饮食调整是其治疗的重要组成部分。
我们研究了2型糖尿病患者（n = 871）的饮食模式、饮食生物标志物和代谢指标之间的关系。
从参与台湾糖尿病对照研究的队列中选取了在2008年和2009年提供了完整临床和饮食数据的糖尿病患者（n = 871）。通过简短的半定量食物频率问卷获取饮食数据，并通过因子分析确定饮食模式。在调整混杂因素后，使用多元线性回归分析饮食生物标志物（铁蛋白、叶酸和红细胞n-3多不饱和脂肪酸[n-3 PUFA]）与代谢控制之间的关联。
确定了三种饮食模式（高脂肪肉类、中式传统小吃和鱼类-蔬菜）。铁蛋白与高脂肪肉类因子得分呈正相关（趋势P<0.001）。红细胞n-3 PUFA（二十碳五烯酸[EPA]+二十二碳六烯酸[DHA]，n-3/n-6 PUFA比值）与鱼类-蔬菜因子得分呈正相关（所有趋势P<0.001）。多元线性回归显示铁蛋白浓度与空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和甘油三酯呈正相关，但与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）呈负相关。红细胞n-3 PUFA、EPA+DHA和n-3/n-6 PUFA比值与FPG、HbA1c和甘油三酯呈负相关（所有P<0.05），与HDL-C呈正相关（尽管n-3/n-6比值相关性较弱）。
铁蛋白和n-3 PUFA可作为高脂肪肉类和鱼类-蔬菜饮食模式的有效生物标志物。与铁蛋白不同，红细胞n-3 PUFA状态与更好的血糖和血脂谱相关。我们的结果表明，习惯性食用富含鱼类和蔬菜的饮食模式可能部分有助于2型糖尿病患者更健康的代谢状况。
