Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, FitzGerald Building, 150 College St, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Diabetologia. 2011 Feb;54(2):320-8. doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-1957-8. Epub 2010 Nov 3.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Although protective relationships between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes mellitus have consistently been observed, few studies have examined the relationships between coffee consumption and underlying pathophysiological defects that characterise diabetes aetiology. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee consumption and measures of insulin sensitivity and secretion.
The study population included 954 multi-ethnic non-diabetic adults from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the cross-sectional relationships between caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee intake and insulin sensitivity and acute insulin response, measured by a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, 2 h postload glucose measured by OGTT, fasting insulin, and proinsulin to C-peptide ratios.
Caffeinated coffee intake was positively associated with insulin sensitivity (β = 0.054; SE = 0.026; p = 0.04) and inversely related to 2 h postload glucose (β = -0.37; SE = 0.10; p = 0.0003) in fully adjusted models. Caffeinated coffee intake was not associated with acute insulin response or proinsulin ratios. Decaffeinated coffee intake was inversely related to 2 h postload glucose (β = -0.47; SE = 0.18; p = 0.0096) and positively related to acute insulin response (β = 0.191; SE = 0.077; p = 0.0132). Decaffeinated coffee intake was inversely related to the ratios of both intact and split proinsulin to C-peptide (β = -0.150; SE = 0.061; p = 0.0148; β = -0.254; SE = 0.068; p = 0.0002, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In this cross-sectional study, caffeinated coffee was positively related to insulin sensitivity and decaffeinated coffee was favourably related to measures of beta cell function. These results provide pathophysiological insight as to how coffee could impact the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
目的/假设：尽管人们一直观察到饮用咖啡与 2 型糖尿病之间存在保护关系，但很少有研究探讨饮用咖啡与构成糖尿病病因的潜在病理生理缺陷之间的关系。本研究旨在探讨饮用含咖啡因和脱咖啡因咖啡与胰岛素敏感性和分泌的关系。
研究人群包括胰岛素抵抗动脉粥样硬化研究（IRAS）中的 954 名多民族非糖尿病成年人。采用多元回归分析，检验含咖啡因和脱咖啡因咖啡摄入量与胰岛素敏感性和急性胰岛素反应之间的横断面关系，急性胰岛素反应通过静脉葡萄糖耐量试验频繁采样测量，OGTT 2 小时后负荷血糖测量，空腹胰岛素和胰岛素原与 C 肽的比值。
在完全调整的模型中，含咖啡因咖啡的摄入量与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关（β=0.054；SE=0.026；p=0.04），与 2 小时后负荷血糖呈负相关（β=-0.37；SE=0.10；p=0.0003）。含咖啡因咖啡的摄入量与急性胰岛素反应或胰岛素原比值无关。脱咖啡因咖啡的摄入量与 2 小时后负荷血糖呈负相关（β=-0.47；SE=0.18；p=0.0096），与急性胰岛素反应呈正相关（β=0.191；SE=0.077；p=0.0132）。脱咖啡因咖啡的摄入量与完整和分裂胰岛素原与 C 肽的比值均呈负相关（β=-0.150；SE=0.061；p=0.0148；β=-0.254；SE=0.068；p=0.0002）。
结论/解释：在这项横断面研究中，含咖啡因咖啡与胰岛素敏感性呈正相关，脱咖啡因咖啡与β细胞功能的测量值呈正相关。这些结果提供了关于咖啡如何影响 2 型糖尿病风险的病理生理学见解。
