Department of General Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2012 Oct;73(4):914-8. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31825a7636.
Side-impact airbags (SABs) are designed to protect the head and thorax during a side-impact motor vehicle collision (MVC). Research on the effectiveness of SAB deployment has been limited. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of deployed SABs in reducing head and thoracic injuries during side-impact MVCs.
The 2000-2009 National Automotive Sampling System-Crashworthiness Data System and the Crash Injury Research Engineering Network databases were used to evaluate front seat occupants involved in side-impact MVCs using a matched cohort study design. The risk of serious head and thoracic injuries for occupants with and without deployed SABs were compared.
Occupants in vehicles with a deployed SAB designed to protect the head had a 30% lower risk of head injuries with an Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 2+ (relative risk [RR], 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51-0.97). Regarding thoracic injury, occupants in vehicles with a deployed SAB designed to protect the torso had a risk of injury similar to that of occupants without a deployed SAB (RR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.79-1.24), although the risk increased for occupants 50 years and older (RR, 1.27; 95% 0.84-1.93).
The results of the current suggest that although SABs protect occupants from head injury, the protective effect for thoracic injury is limited. Future research should focus on whether the association with thoracic injury is modified by occupant seating posture.
Prognostic study, level III.
侧面碰撞安全气囊（SAB）旨在保护头部和胸部免受侧面碰撞机动车事故（MVC）的伤害。关于 SAB 展开效果的研究有限。本研究的目的是评估展开的 SAB 在减少侧面 MVC 中头部和胸部受伤的有效性。
使用 2000-2009 年国家汽车抽样系统碰撞安全性数据系统和碰撞伤害研究工程网络数据库，通过匹配队列研究设计评估参与侧面 MVC 的前排乘客。比较有和没有展开的 SAB 的乘客发生严重头部和胸部受伤的风险。
装有设计用于保护头部的展开 SAB 的车辆中的乘客，其头部受伤风险降低 30%，损伤严重程度评分 2+（相对风险 [RR]，0.70；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.51-0.97）。关于胸部损伤，装有设计用于保护躯干的展开 SAB 的车辆中的乘客受伤风险与未装有展开 SAB 的乘客相似（RR，0.99；95%CI，0.79-1.24），尽管 50 岁及以上的乘客风险增加（RR，1.27；95%CI，0.84-1.93）。
目前的结果表明，尽管 SAB 可保护乘客免受头部受伤，但对胸部受伤的保护效果有限。未来的研究应集中在受伤与乘客座椅姿势的关系是否会发生变化。
预后研究，III 级。
