McGwin Gerald, Metzger Jesse, Porterfield John R, Moran Stephan G, Rue Loring W
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0016, USA.
J Trauma. 2003 Sep;55(3):430-4; discussion 434-6. doi: 10.1097/01.TA.0000083478.98648.C8.
Side air bags (SABs) have been introduced in an attempt to reduce the risk of injury in near-side-impact motor vehicle collisions (MVCs). The impact of SABs on MVC-related mortality and morbidity has yet to be evaluated with a large population-based study. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of SABs in reducing the risk of injury or death in near-side-impact MVCs.
A retrospective study investigated outboard front seat occupants involved in police-reported, near-side-impact MVCs using data from the General Estimates System (1997-2000). The risk of MVC-related nonfatal and fatal injury for occupants of vehicles with and without SABs was compared.
Front seat occupants of vehicles with SABs had a risk of injury similar to that of occupants of vehicles without SABs (risk ratio [RR], 0.96; 95% CI confidence interval [CI], 0.79-1.15). Adjustment for the potentially confounding effects of age, gender, seat belt use, seating position, damage severity and location, and vehicle body type did not meaningfully affect the association (RR, 0.90; 95% CICI, 0.76-1.08).
There is no association between the availability of SABs and overall injury risk in near-side-impact MVCs. Future research is necessary to determine the effectiveness of SABs in preventing the injuries for which they were specifically designed.
侧面安全气囊（SABs）已被引入，旨在降低近侧碰撞机动车事故（MVCs）中的受伤风险。侧面安全气囊对与机动车事故相关的死亡率和发病率的影响尚未通过大规模的基于人群的研究进行评估。本研究的目的是评估侧面安全气囊在降低近侧碰撞机动车事故中受伤或死亡风险方面的有效性。
一项回顾性研究利用一般估计系统（1997 - 2000年）的数据，调查了涉及警方报告的近侧碰撞机动车事故的外侧前排座位乘客。比较了配备和未配备侧面安全气囊车辆的乘客发生与机动车事故相关的非致命和致命伤害的风险。
配备侧面安全气囊车辆的前排座位乘客的受伤风险与未配备侧面安全气囊车辆的乘客相似（风险比[RR]，0.96；95%置信区间[CI]，0.79 - 1.15）。对年龄、性别、安全带使用情况、座位位置、损伤严重程度和位置以及车身类型等潜在混杂因素进行调整后，并未对该关联产生有意义的影响（RR，0.90；95% CI，0.76 - 1.08）。
在近侧碰撞机动车事故中，侧面安全气囊的配备与总体受伤风险之间没有关联。有必要进行进一步研究，以确定侧面安全气囊在预防其专门设计用于预防的伤害方面的有效性。
