Reference Centre for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Drug Resist Updat. 2012 Aug;15(4):237-47. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2012.06.001. Epub 2012 Jul 27.
The global emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) among Gram-negative bacteria has dramatically limited the therapeutic options. During the last two decades, Acinetobacter baumannii has become a pathogen of increased clinical importance due to its remarkable ability to cause outbreaks of infections and to acquire resistance to almost all currently used antibiotics, including the carbapenems. This review considers the literature on A. baumannii and data from multilocus sequence typing studies to explore the global population structure of A. baumannii and detect the occurrence of clonality, with the focus on the presence of specific resistance mechanisms such as the OXA-carbapenemases. The worldwide dissemination of MDR and carbapenem non-susceptible A. baumannii is associated with diverse genetic backgrounds, but predominated by a number of extensively distributed clones, such as CC92(B)/CC2(P) and CC109(B)/CC1(P), which have frequently been supplemented by acquired OXA-type carbapenemase genes.
革兰氏阴性菌的全球多药耐药性（MDR）的出现极大地限制了治疗选择。在过去的二十年中，由于鲍曼不动杆菌具有引起感染爆发和几乎对所有目前使用的抗生素（包括碳青霉烯类）产生耐药性的显著能力，因此已成为越来越重要的临床病原体。本综述考虑了有关鲍曼不动杆菌的文献和多位点序列分型研究的数据，以探讨鲍曼不动杆菌的全球种群结构并检测克隆性的发生，重点是存在特定的耐药机制，如 OXA-碳青霉烯酶。MDR 和耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌的全球传播与多种遗传背景有关，但主要与一些广泛分布的克隆有关，如 CC92(B)/CC2(P)和 CC109(B)/CC1(P)，这些克隆经常通过获得性 OXA 型碳青霉烯酶基因得到补充。
