Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Sep;95(6):1427-36. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4304-9. Epub 2012 Jul 31.
Biotransformations are a standard tool of green chemistry and thus are following the rules of sustainable development. In this article, we describe the most common types of reactions conducted by microorganisms applied towards synthesis of chiral terpenoid derivatives. Potential applications of obtained products in various areas of industry and agriculture are shown. We also describe biological activity of presented compounds. Stereoselective hydroxylation, epoxidation, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, stereo- and enantioselective reduction of ketones, and various kinetic resolutions carried out by bacteria and fungi have been reviewed. Mechanistic considerations regarding chemical and enzymatic reactions are presented. We also briefly describe modern approaches towards enhancing desired enzymatic activity in order to apply modified biocatalysts as an efficient tool and green alternative to chemical catalysts used in industry.
生物转化是绿色化学的标准工具，因此遵循可持续发展的规则。在本文中，我们描述了微生物进行的最常见的反应类型，这些反应应用于手性萜类衍生物的合成。展示了获得的产物在工业和农业各个领域的潜在应用。我们还描述了所提出化合物的生物活性。综述了细菌和真菌进行的立体选择性羟化、环氧化、Baeyer-Villiger 氧化、立体和对映选择性酮还原以及各种动力学拆分。提出了关于化学和酶反应的机理考虑。我们还简要描述了提高所需酶活性的现代方法，以便将改良的生物催化剂作为工业中使用的化学催化剂的有效工具和绿色替代品。
