Wriessnegger Selina C, Bauernfeind Günther, Schweitzer Kerstin, Kober Silvia, Neuper Christa, Müller-Putz Gernot R
Laboratory of Brain-Computer Interfaces, Institute for Knowledge Discovery, Graz University of Technology, A-8010 Graz Steiermark, Austria.
Front Neuroeng. 2012 Jul 25;5:17. doi: 10.3389/fneng.2012.00017. eCollection 2012.
In the present study inhibitory cortical mechanisms have been investigated during execution and inhibition of learned motor programs by means of multi-channel functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). fNIRS is an emerging non-invasive optical technique for the in vivo assessment of cerebral oxygenation, concretely changes of oxygenated [oxy-Hb], and deoxygenated [deoxy-Hb] hemoglobin. Eleven healthy subjects executed or inhibited previous learned finger and foot movements indicated by a visual cue. The execution of finger/foot movements caused a typical activation pattern namely an increase of [oxy-Hb] and a decrease of [deoxy-Hb] whereas the inhibition of finger/foot movements caused a decrease of [oxy-Hb] and an increase of [deoxy-Hb] in the hand or foot representation area (left or medial somatosensory and primary motor cortex). Additionally an increase of [oxy-Hb] and a decrease of [deoxy-Hb] in the medial area of the anterior prefrontal cortex (APFC) during the inhibition of finger/foot movements were found. The results showed, that inhibition/execution of learned motor programs depends on an interplay of focal increases and decreases of neural activity in prefrontal and sensorimotor areas regardless of the effector. As far as we know, this is the first study investigating inhibitory processes of finger/foot movements by means of multi-channel fNIRS.
在本研究中，通过多通道功能近红外光谱技术（fNIRS），对学习运动程序的执行和抑制过程中的皮质抑制机制进行了研究。fNIRS是一种新兴的非侵入性光学技术，用于体内评估脑氧合情况，具体而言是评估氧合血红蛋白[oxy-Hb]和脱氧血红蛋白[deoxy-Hb]的变化。11名健康受试者根据视觉提示执行或抑制先前学习的手指和足部运动。手指/足部运动的执行引起了典型的激活模式，即[oxy-Hb]增加和[deoxy-Hb]减少，而手指/足部运动的抑制则导致手部或足部代表区域（左侧或内侧体感和初级运动皮层）的[oxy-Hb]减少和[deoxy-Hb]增加。此外，在抑制手指/足部运动期间，发现前额叶前皮质（APFC）内侧区域的[oxy-Hb]增加和[deoxy-Hb]减少。结果表明，学习运动程序的抑制/执行取决于前额叶和感觉运动区域神经活动的局部增加和减少之间的相互作用，而与效应器无关。据我们所知，这是第一项通过多通道fNIRS研究手指/足部运动抑制过程的研究。
