Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Departament de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e41803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0041803. Epub 2012 Jul 25.
Vlad III The Impaler, also known as Dracula, descended from the dynasty of Basarab, the first rulers of independent Wallachia, in present Romania. Whether this dynasty is of Cuman (an admixed Turkic people that reached Wallachia from the East in the 11(th) century) or of local Romanian (Vlach) origin is debated among historians. Earlier studies have demonstrated the value of investigating the Y chromosome of men bearing a historical name, in order to identify their genetic origin. We sampled 29 Romanian men carrying the surname Basarab, in addition to four Romanian populations (from counties Dolj, N = 38; Mehedinti, N = 11; Cluj, N = 50; and Brasov, N = 50), and compared the data with the surrounding populations. We typed 131 SNPs and 19 STRs in the non-recombinant part of the Y-chromosome in all the individuals. We computed a PCA to situate the Basarab individuals in the context of Romania and its neighboring populations. Different Y-chromosome haplogroups were found within the individuals bearing the Basarab name. All haplogroups are common in Romania and other Central and Eastern European populations. In a PCA, the Basarab group clusters within other Romanian populations. We found several clusters of Basarab individuals having a common ancestor within the period of the last 600 years. The diversity of haplogroups found shows that not all individuals carrying the surname Basarab can be direct biological descendants of the Basarab dynasty. The absence of Eastern Asian lineages in the Basarab men can be interpreted as a lack of evidence for a Cuman origin of the Basarab dynasty, although it cannot be positively ruled out. It can be therefore concluded that the Basarab dynasty was successful in spreading its name beyond the spread of its genes.
穿刺者弗拉德三世，又名德古拉，他出身于瓦拉几亚的巴拉萨尔王朝，该王朝是罗马尼亚现今领土上第一个独立的瓦拉几亚统治者。历史学家们对这个王朝是库曼人（11 世纪从东方迁徙到瓦拉几亚的混合突厥民族）还是罗马尼亚本地瓦拉几亚人（瓦拉几亚人）的后裔存在争议。早期的研究表明，调查带有历史名字的男性的 Y 染色体，以确定他们的遗传起源是有价值的。我们从罗马尼亚的四个地区（多尔日县，N=38；梅赫丁茨县，N=11；克卢日县，N=50；布拉索夫县，N=50）选取了 29 名携带巴拉萨尔姓氏的男性，并将这些数据与周边地区的人口进行了比较。我们对所有个体的非重组部分的 Y 染色体进行了 131 个 SNP 和 19 个 STR 分型。我们计算了 PCA，以将巴拉萨尔个体置于罗马尼亚及其周边人口的背景下。在名字叫巴拉萨尔的人当中，我们发现了不同的 Y 染色体单倍群。所有的单倍群在罗马尼亚和其他中欧及东欧的人口中都很常见。在 PCA 中，巴拉萨尔群体与其他罗马尼亚群体聚类。我们发现了一些有共同祖先的巴拉萨尔个体群，他们的祖先在过去的 600 年里生活在一起。所发现的单倍群多样性表明，并非所有姓巴拉萨尔的人都可以直接是巴拉萨尔王朝的直系后裔。巴拉萨尔男子中没有东亚血统，可以解释为缺乏巴拉萨尔王朝库曼人起源的证据，但不能完全排除这种可能性。因此可以得出结论，巴拉萨尔王朝成功地传播了其姓氏，超越了其基因的传播范围。
