Fernandes Ana, Bacalhau Sílvia, Cabral José
Unidade de Gastrenterologia e Hepatologia Infantil, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, CHLC, Lisboa, Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2011 Dec;24 Suppl 2:333-8. Epub 2011 Dec 31.
Crohn's disease (CD), Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and Indeterminate Colitis (IC), commonly known as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represent a heterogeneous group of chronic diseases of unknown origin and varying course, diagnosed in pediatric age at 25 to 30% of cases. Epidemiological international studies studies show IBD incidence has increased exponentially in industrialized nations over the last 50 years.
Characterization of the pediatric population diagnosed with IBD, followed at medical consultation in Gastroenterology at Hospital de Dona Estefânia (HDE).
Descriptive and retrospective study by consulting the medical files of patients diagnosed with IBD followed between 1987 and 2009 (23 years). Clinical, radiological and histological criteria were used to define IBD. The following variables were studied: sex, family history, race, characterization of IBD, age at diagnosis, time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis and clinical presentation. Four different periods of time were compared: 1987-1992, 1993-1998, 1999-2004 and 2005-2009.
100 children were included (51 female), of which 59% are CD, 38% UC and 3% IC. Family history of IBD was present in 7 cases, with no sex difference between UC and CD. During the period of time between 2005-2009, it was registered the highest number of new cases (55 total, mean: 11 cases / year) and between 1987-1992 the lowest (9, 1.5 cases / year). Time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was highly variable, ranging from 9 months (1987-1992) to 4 months (2005-2009). Children's age at the time of diagnosis varied from 14 months to 17 years, with a mean of 10.5 years. The most common symptoms at time of presentation were abdominal pain, diarrhea, and hematochezia.
IBD are a heterogeneous group of diseases, not always easy to diagnose and difficult to classify as diagnostic criteria are not always uniform. The results show the number of IBD new cases has been rising during the last two decades, mainly CD, with no difference between gender. Time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis has been decreasing although age at time of diagnosis and clinical presentation has showed no difference in the last 20 years.
克罗恩病（CD）、溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和未定型结肠炎（IC），通常被称为炎症性肠病（IBD），是一组病因不明、病程各异的慢性异质性疾病，25%至30%的病例在儿童期被诊断出来。国际流行病学研究表明，在过去50年里，工业化国家中IBD的发病率呈指数级增长。
对在埃斯特法尼亚医院（HDE）胃肠病科门诊随访的确诊为IBD的儿科患者群体进行特征描述。
通过查阅1987年至2009年（23年）期间确诊为IBD并接受随访的患者病历进行描述性回顾性研究。使用临床、放射学和组织学标准来定义IBD。研究了以下变量：性别、家族史、种族、IBD的特征、诊断年龄、从症状出现到诊断的时间以及临床表现。比较了四个不同时间段：1987 - 1992年、1993 - 1998年、1999 - 2004年和2005 - 2009年。
纳入100名儿童（51名女性），其中59%为CD，38%为UC，3%为IC。7例有IBD家族史，UC和CD之间在性别上无差异。在2005 - 2009年期间，新病例登记数量最多（共55例，平均：11例/年），而在1987 - 1992年期间最少（9例，1.5例/年）。从症状出现到诊断的时间差异很大，从9个月（1987 - 1992年）到4个月（2005 - 2009年）。诊断时儿童年龄从14个月到17岁不等，平均为10.5岁。就诊时最常见的症状是腹痛、腹泻和便血。
IBD是一组异质性疾病，诊断并不总是容易，且由于诊断标准不总是统一，难以进行分类。结果显示，在过去二十年中IBD新病例数量一直在上升，主要是CD，性别之间无差异。尽管在过去20年里诊断年龄和临床表现没有差异，但从症状出现到诊断的时间一直在缩短。
