Graves A B, White E, Koepsell T D, Reifler B V, van Belle G, Larson E B, Raskind M
Battelle Seattle Research Centers, WA 98105-5428.
Ann Neurol. 1990 Dec;28(6):766-74. doi: 10.1002/ana.410280607.
A case-control study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) was conducted to evaluate the roles of family history of dementing disease and AD, and medical conditions, particularly those related to the viral and immune hypotheses in AD. One hundred and eighty-three clinically diagnosed patients were identified between 1980 and 1985 through the Geriatric and Family Services clinic at the University of Washington hospital, and 18 patients were identified during the same time period through the Veteran's Administration Medical Center in Seattle, Washington. Telephone interviews were conducted with spouses (87.7%) and children (12.3%) of the patients. Each patient was matched to a friend or nonblood relative of the patient by age, sex, and the relationship between the patient and his or her respondent, for a total of 130 matched pairs. The odds ratio for AD was elevated if a first-degree relative was reported to have a history of dementia (odds ratio, 2.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 4.18). This risk was especially elevated if a sibling was affected (odds ratio, 4.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.37 to 11.90); the highest risk to the proband was observed if a sibling had presumed AD (odds ratio, 5.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.59 to 21.96). The risk increased with increasing numbers of first-degree family members affected for both a history of dementia and presumed AD. We found little difference between patients and control subjects with respect to the age of the mother or father at the time of the subject's birth. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups with regard to conditions that might support the immune and viral hypothesis in AD, smoking, or alcohol problems.
开展了一项关于阿尔茨海默病（AD）的病例对照研究，以评估痴呆症家族史和AD、以及医疗状况的作用，尤其是那些与AD的病毒假说和免疫假说相关的状况。1980年至1985年期间，通过华盛顿大学医院的老年病与家庭服务诊所确定了183例临床诊断患者，同时期在华盛顿州西雅图市的退伍军人管理局医疗中心确定了18例患者。对患者的配偶（87.7%）和子女（12.3%）进行了电话访谈。将每位患者与年龄、性别以及患者与其受访者之间关系相匹配的朋友或非血亲亲属进行配对，共130对匹配组。如果报告一级亲属有痴呆病史，则AD的优势比升高（优势比为2.21；95%置信区间为1.17至4.18）。如果兄弟姐妹患病，这种风险尤其升高（优势比为4.04；95%置信区间为1.37至11.90）；如果兄弟姐妹患有疑似AD，先证者的风险最高（优势比为5.92；95%置信区间为1.59至21.96）。对于痴呆病史和疑似AD，随着受影响的一级家庭成员数量增加，风险也增加。我们发现患者和对照对象在其出生时父母的年龄方面几乎没有差异。在可能支持AD的免疫和病毒假说的状况、吸烟或饮酒问题方面，两组之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。
