Research Unit "Molecular Physical Chemistry", University of Coimbra, Portugal.
Curr Med Chem. 2012;19(27):4678-87. doi: 10.2174/092986712803306394.
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the sixth cause of cancer-related death in men. When hormone therapy fails to control tumour growth, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) occurs and chemotherapy drugs must be administered. Since 2004, docetaxel administration is the standard of care in metastatic CRPC, although it presents severe limitations such as acquired resistance and poor prognosis. An analogue (cabazitaxel) was approved by the FDA in 2010 as a second-line chemotherapeutic agent. Novel immuno- and hormonal therapy agents, as well as tumour vaccines, have been recently developed, but new strategies are still needed for effectively handling this type of neoplasia. Platinum compounds, in particular, have been the object of a growing interest, despite the former belief that they should have modest activity against prostate cancer. Compounds such as carboplatin, oxaliplatin or satraplatin, either alone or in combination, have lately shown promising results. In order to overcome the deleterious side-effects usually associated to these metal-based agents, several approaches have been followed with a view to optimise drug delivery and targeting, some of which showed considerable success in CRPC. Platinum drugs may therefore have an important role in the chemotherapeutic management of human metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, mostly in second-line strategies. The present review addresses the most relevant studies on platinum-based antineoplastic agents towards CRPC in the last decade--from first--and second-generation complexes to newly developed compounds.
前列腺癌是全球第二大常见癌症，也是男性癌症相关死亡的第六大原因。当激素治疗无法控制肿瘤生长时，就会发生去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC），必须使用化疗药物。自 2004 年以来，多西他赛的给药已成为转移性 CRPC 的标准治疗方法，尽管它存在严重的局限性，如获得性耐药和预后不良。卡巴他赛作为二线化疗药物于 2010 年被 FDA 批准。新型免疫和激素治疗药物以及肿瘤疫苗最近已经开发出来，但仍需要新的策略来有效处理这种类型的肿瘤。尽管以前认为它们对前列腺癌的活性应该适中，但铂类化合物一直受到越来越多的关注。卡铂、奥沙利铂或 satraplatin 等化合物单独或联合使用，最近显示出有希望的结果。为了克服这些基于金属的药物通常伴随的有害副作用，已经采取了几种方法来优化药物输送和靶向，其中一些在 CRPC 中取得了相当大的成功。因此，铂类药物在人类转移性去势抵抗性前列腺癌的化疗管理中可能具有重要作用，尤其是在二线策略中。本综述介绍了过去十年中针对 CRPC 的基于铂的抗肿瘤药物的最相关研究——从第一代和第二代复合物到新开发的化合物。
