“自杀防护栏”：医院的一种最小结构干预措施可减少跳楼自杀事件。
The "Suicide Guard Rail": a minimal structural intervention in hospitals reduces suicide jumps.
作者信息
Mohl Andreas, Stulz Niklaus, Martin Andrea, Eigenmann Franz, Hepp Urs, Hüsler Jürg, Beer Jürg H
机构信息
Psychiatric Services Aargau AG/Teaching Hospital of the University of Zurich, Haselstrasse 1, P.O. Box 1044, Baden CH-5401, Switzerland.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2012 Aug 4;5:408. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-408.
BACKGROUND
Jumping from heights is a readily available and lethal method of suicide. This study examined the effectiveness of a minimal structural intervention in preventing suicide jumps at a Swiss general teaching hospital. Following a series of suicide jumps out of the hospital's windows, a metal guard rail was installed at each window of the high-rise building.
RESULTS
In the 114 months prior to the installation of the metal guard rail, 10 suicides by jumping out of the hospital's windows occurred among 119,269 inpatients. This figure was significantly reduced to 2 fatal incidents among 104,435 inpatients treated during the 78 months immediately following the installation of the rails at the hospital's windows (χ2 = 4.34, df = 1, p = .037).
CONCLUSIONS
Even a minimal structural intervention might prevent suicide jumps in a general hospital. Further work is needed to examine the effectiveness of minimal structural interventions in preventing suicide jumps.
背景
从高处跳下是一种常见且致命的自杀方式。本研究考察了一项最小化结构干预措施在瑞士一家综合教学医院预防自杀性跳楼方面的效果。在该医院发生一系列从窗户跳楼自杀事件后，在高层建筑的每个窗户安装了金属护栏。
结果
在安装金属护栏前的114个月里，119,269名住院患者中有10人从医院窗户跳楼自杀。在医院窗户安装护栏后的紧接着的78个月里，104,435名接受治疗的住院患者中，这一数字显著降至2起致命事件（χ2 = 4.34，自由度 = 1，p = 0.037）。
结论
即使是最小化的结构干预也可能预防综合医院内的自杀性跳楼。需要进一步开展工作以考察最小化结构干预在预防自杀性跳楼方面的效果。
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