Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5626, USA.
Curr Diab Rep. 2012 Oct;12(5):612-22. doi: 10.1007/s11892-012-0305-4.
Islet cell transplantation has therapeutic potential to cure type 1 diabetes (T1D), which is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β cells. However, current success rates are limited by long-term decline in islet graft function resulting partially from poor revascularization and immune destruction. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to enhance islet transplantation and prevent disease progression by a multifaceted approach. MSCs have been shown to be effective at inhibiting inflammatory-mediated immune responses and at promoting tissue regeneration. The immunomodulatory and tissue repairing properties of MSCs may benefit β cell regeneration in the context of T1D. This review will elucidate how MSCs can minimize β cell damage by providing survival signals and simultaneously modulate the immune response by inhibiting activation, and proliferation of several immune cell types. In addition, MSCs can enhance islet graft revascularization, maintaining long-term β cell viability and function.
胰岛细胞移植具有治愈 1 型糖尿病（T1D）的治疗潜力，T1D 的特征是胰岛素产生β细胞的自身免疫介导的破坏。然而，目前的成功率受到胰岛移植物功能长期下降的限制，部分原因是血管生成和免疫破坏不良。间充质干细胞（MSCs）具有通过多方面的方法增强胰岛移植和预防疾病进展的潜力。MSCs 已被证明在抑制炎症介导的免疫反应和促进组织再生方面有效。MSCs 的免疫调节和组织修复特性可能有益于 T1D 中β细胞的再生。这篇综述将阐明 MSCs 如何通过提供生存信号来最小化β细胞损伤，同时通过抑制几种免疫细胞类型的激活和增殖来调节免疫反应。此外，MSCs 可以增强胰岛移植物的血管生成，维持长期β细胞的存活和功能。
