Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Women's Medicine Collaborative of Lifespan, The Miriam Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 146 West River Street, Suite 11 C, Providence, RI 02904, USA.
Sleep Breath. 2013 May;17(2):735-40. doi: 10.1007/s11325-012-0753-8. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
Many changes that normally occur during pregnancy disrupt sleep and may lead to excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). However, given that pregnancy may also predispose to the development of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), we sought to investigate whether EDS may be associated with snoring, gasping, or apneas, further suggesting SDB.
A cross-sectional survey of women in the immediate postpartum period was conducted. Participants answered questions from the multivariable apnea prediction index regarding snoring, gasping, and witnessed apneas in the last 3 months of pregnancy. Participants were also asked to answer Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questions, and a score 0-24 was calculated (>10 considered abnormal). Medical history and medication use were obtained both by history and review of the medical record.
Out of 1,000 women recruited, 990 women answered the ESS questionnaire completely. Mean prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) was 26.1 ± 6.2 with 21.7 % of the sample having a prepregnancy BMI ≥30. Mean ESS score was 7.1 ± 3.9, and 1.7 % of the total sample scored 16 or greater. ESS increased significantly with age, BMI, and neck circumference. All three symptoms of SDB were associated with higher mean ESS scores. In a multiple linear regression analysis, loud snoring, gasping, and apneas were statistically significant independent predictors of mean ESS score.
EDS measured by ESS is a common finding in pregnancy. Snoring, gasping, and apneas appear to be independent predictors of mean ESS scores.
怀孕期间通常发生的许多变化会扰乱睡眠，并可能导致日间过度嗜睡（EDS）。然而，鉴于怀孕也可能导致睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的发生，我们试图研究 EDS 是否与打鼾、喘气或呼吸暂停有关，进一步提示 SDB。
对产后立即的女性进行横断面调查。参与者回答了多变量呼吸暂停预测指数中关于在怀孕最后 3 个月打鼾、喘气和目睹呼吸暂停的问题。还要求参与者回答 Epworth 嗜睡量表（ESS）问题，并计算出 0-24 分的分数（>10 分被认为异常）。病史和用药情况均通过病史和病历回顾获得。
在招募的 1000 名女性中，有 990 名女性完整回答了 ESS 问卷。孕前平均体重指数（BMI）为 26.1±6.2，样本中有 21.7%的人孕前 BMI≥30。平均 ESS 得分为 7.1±3.9，总样本中有 1.7%的人得分 16 或更高。ESS 随年龄、BMI 和颈围的增加而显著增加。SDB 的所有三种症状均与较高的平均 ESS 评分相关。在多元线性回归分析中，响亮的打鼾、喘气和呼吸暂停是平均 ESS 评分的统计学显著独立预测因子。
ESS 测量的 EDS 在妊娠中是常见的。打鼾、喘气和呼吸暂停似乎是平均 ESS 评分的独立预测因子。
