Castel Alan D, Vendetti Michael, Holyoak Keith J
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2012 Oct;74(7):1391-6. doi: 10.3758/s13414-012-0355-3.
Fire extinguishers can save lives and are placed in locations that make them easily accessible and in plain view in case of an emergency. However, despite having viewed these bright red objects many times, people may be unaware of their precise locations or even of the fact that they have seen them so often in their workplace environment. We tested the ability of occupants of an office building to recall the location of the nearest fire extinguisher, as well as other objects (e.g., clock, drinking fountain). Despite years of exposure to it, a majority failed to remember the location of the nearest fire extinguisher, although they were able to locate it relatively quickly when asked to search for it. The results support an important distinction between seeing and noticing objects and reveal a novel form of inattentional amnesia for salient objects. The study also created an important learning event via failed retrieval, which could be essential to survival.
灭火器可以挽救生命，它们被放置在易于接近且在紧急情况下一目了然的位置。然而，尽管人们多次看到这些鲜红色的物体，但他们可能不知道其确切位置，甚至没有意识到在工作场所环境中经常看到它们。我们测试了办公楼内人员回忆最近的灭火器位置以及其他物体（如时钟、饮水机）位置的能力。尽管多年来一直接触灭火器，但大多数人都未能记住最近的灭火器位置，不过当被要求寻找时，他们能够相对较快地找到它。这些结果支持了看到物体和注意到物体之间的重要区别，并揭示了一种对显著物体的新形式的疏忽性遗忘。该研究还通过未能检索创造了一个重要的学习事件，这对生存可能至关重要。
