Division of Epidemiology, Statistics, and Prevention Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2012 Oct;21(10):1074-81. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2012.3634. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
Obesity is a growing public health problem among reproductive-aged women, with consequences for chronic disease risk and reproductive and obstetric morbidities. Evidence also suggests that body shape (i.e., regional fat distribution) may be independently associated with risk, yet it is not known if women adequately perceive their shape. This study aimed to assess the validity of self-reported body size and shape figure drawings when compared to anthropometric measures among reproductive-aged women.
Self-reported body size was ascertained using the Stunkard nine-level figures and self-reported body shape using stylized pear, hourglass, rectangle, and apple figures. Anthropometry was performed by trained researchers. Body size and body mass index (BMI) were compared using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Fat distribution indicators were compared across body shapes for nonobese and obese women using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's exact test. Percent agreement and kappa statistics were computed for apple and pear body shapes.
The 131 women studied were primarily Caucasian (81%), aged 32 years, with a mean BMI of 27.1 kg/m(2) (range 16.6-52.8 kg/m(2)). The correlation between body size and BMI was 0.85 (p<0.001). Among nonobese women, waist-to-hip ratios (WHR) were 0.75, 0.75, 0.80, and 0.82 for pear, hourglass, rectangle, and apple, respectively (p<0.001). Comparing apples and pears, the percent agreement (kappa) for WHR≥0.80 was 83% (0.55).
Self-reported size and shape were consistent with anthropometric measures commonly used to assess obesity and fat distribution, respectively. Self-reported body shape may be a useful proxy measure in addition to body size in large-scale surveys.
肥胖是育龄妇女日益严重的公共卫生问题，会增加慢性病风险以及生殖和产科疾病的发病风险。有证据表明，体型（即身体脂肪分布的区域）可能与风险独立相关，但目前尚不清楚女性是否能正确感知自己的体型。本研究旨在评估育龄妇女自我报告的体型与人体测量指标相比的有效性。
使用 Stunkard 九级图评估自我报告的体型，使用梨形、沙漏形、矩形和苹果形来评估自我报告的体形。由经过培训的研究人员进行人体测量。使用 Spearman 相关系数比较身体大小和身体质量指数（BMI）。使用方差分析（ANOVA）和 Fisher 确切检验比较不同体型的肥胖和非肥胖女性的脂肪分布指标。计算了苹果和梨形体型的百分比一致性和 Kappa 统计量。
所研究的 131 名女性主要为白种人（81%），年龄 32 岁，平均 BMI 为 27.1kg/m2（范围 16.6-52.8kg/m2）。体型与 BMI 之间的相关性为 0.85（p<0.001）。在非肥胖女性中，腰臀比（WHR）分别为 0.75、0.75、0.80 和 0.82，分别为梨形、沙漏形、矩形和苹果形（p<0.001）。比较苹果和梨形，WHR≥0.80 的百分比一致性（Kappa）为 83%（0.55）。
自我报告的体型和形状与常用于评估肥胖和脂肪分布的人体测量指标一致。自我报告的体型可能是除身体大小之外在大规模调查中的有用替代指标。
